Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35884550›Full record

ArticleCancers2022

The Epigenetic Regulatory Protein CBX2 Promotes mTORC1 Signalling and Inhibits DREAM Complex Activity to Drive Breast Cancer Cell Growth.

Lucie J Bilton, Chloe Warren, Rebecca M Humphries, Shannon Kalsi, Ella Waters, Thomas Francis, Wojtek Dobrowinski, Pedro Beltran-Alvarez, Mark A Wade

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  6. CBX2 suppresses interferon signaling to diminish tumor immunogenicity via a noncanonical corepressor complex.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Lucie J BiltonFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Chloe WarrenFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Rebecca M HumphriesFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Shannon KalsiFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Ella WatersDepartment of Life, Health and Chemical Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4600-3648
Thomas FrancisFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Wojtek DobrowinskiFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.
Pedro Beltran-AlvarezFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8136-8963
Mark A WadeFaculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4245-097X
University of Hull · GBThe Open University · GB

Funding

Academy of Medical Sciences SBF006\1056
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chromobox 2 (CBX2) is a chromatin-binding component of polycomb repressive complex 1, which causes gene silencing. CBX2 expression is elevated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), for which there are few therapeutic options. Here, we aimed to investigate the functional role of CBX2 in TNBC. CBX2 knockdown in TNBC models reduced cell numbers, which was rescued by ectopic expression of wild-type CBX2 but not a chromatin binding-deficient mutant. Blocking CBX2 chromatin interactions using the inhibitor SW2_152F also reduced cell growth, suggesting CBX2 chromatin binding is crucial for TNBC progression. RNA sequencing and gene set enrichment analysis of CBX2-depleted cells identified downregulation of oncogenic signalling pathways, including mTORC1 and E2F signalling. Subsequent analysis identified that CBX2 represses the expression of mTORC1 inhibitors and the tumour suppressor RBL2. RBL2 repression, in turn, inhibits DREAM complex activity. The DREAM complex inhibits E2F signalling, causing cell senescence; therefore, inhibition of the DREAM complex via CBX2 may be a key oncogenic driver. We observed similar effects in oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancer, and analysis of patient datasets suggested CBX2 inhibits RBL2 activity in other cancer types. Therapeutic inhibition of CBX2 could therefore repress mTORC1 activation and promote DREAM complex-mediated senescence in TNBC and could have similar effects in other cancer types.

Indexed as

breast cancerCBX2epigeneticsmTORC1polycombPRC1RBL2TNBC

Identifiers

PMID35884550
PMCPMC9321755
OpenAlexW4285801144

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.