ReviewAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Evolutionary Dynamics between Phages and Bacteria as a Possible Approach for Designing Effective Phage Therapies against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria.
Review in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of phage therapy in controlling staphylococcal biofilms: a systematic review.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- Bacteriophage vB_SalS_KY05 controlsThe veterinary quarterly · 2026Article
- Review
- Modeling Phage-Antibiotic Synergy, Innate Immunity, and Phage Resistance in Multidrug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence in Bacteriophage Research: A New Chapter in Future Medicine.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, Resistance Genes, and Their Association with Bacteriophage Susceptibility AmongMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Bacterial immune systems.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Review
- Isolation and characterization of phage vB_KpnS_SXK7 against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and the mechanism of O-antigen-associated phage resistance.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Giving Antibiotics a Second Chance: Evolutionary Trade-Offs and Phage-Driven Restoration of Antibiotic Susceptibility.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Phage Therapy for Sustainable Sea Cucumber Aquaculture.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage targeting Proteus mirabilis for use in culture media.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Bacteriophages as Therapeutic Agents for Pulmonary Infections: From Biological Principles to Clinical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- The epidermal ecotone: a proposed model system for marine viral ecology at the animal-environmental interface.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Review
- Bacterial defense mechanisms against bacteriophages: an evolutionary arms race.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Genomic and in vitro characterization of two lytic bacteriophages infecting multidrug-resistant Erwinia sp. strain AnSW2-5.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A LyticInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Engineering bacteriophages for gut health: precision antimicrobials and beyond.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Genomic and functional characterization of a novel halophilic bacteriophage targeting carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae.PloS one · 2026Article
- Management of Diabetic Foot Infections Using Phage Therapy.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Review
- Phage enabled precision drug delivery: dual function platforms for therapeutics and genetic cargo transport.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
With the increasing global threat of antibiotic resistance, there is an urgent need to develop new effective therapies to tackle antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Bacteriophage therapy is considered as a possible alternative over antibiotics to treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, bacteria can evolve resistance towards bacteriophages through antiphage defense mechanisms, which is a major limitation of phage therapy. The antiphage mechanisms target the phage life cycle, including adsorption, the injection of DNA, synthesis, the assembly of phage particles, and the release of progeny virions. The non-specific bacterial defense mechanisms include adsorption inhibition, superinfection exclusion, restriction-modification, and abortive infection systems. The antiphage defense mechanism includes a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated (Cas) system. At the same time, phages can execute a counterstrategy against antiphage defense mechanisms. However, the antibiotic susceptibility and antibiotic resistance in bacteriophage-resistant bacteria still remain unclear in terms of evolutionary trade-offs and trade-ups between phages and bacteria. Since phage resistance has been a major barrier in phage therapy, the trade-offs can be a possible approach to design effective bacteriophage-mediated intervention strategies. Specifically, the trade-offs between phage resistance and antibiotic resistance can be used as therapeutic models for promoting antibiotic susceptibility and reducing virulence traits, known as bacteriophage steering or evolutionary medicine. Therefore, this review highlights the synergistic application of bacteriophages and antibiotics in association with the pleiotropic trade-offs of bacteriophage resistance.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.