ArticleAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Regional Variations in Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing in Germany: A Small Area Analysis Based on Claims Data.
Article in Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Self-reported acceptability and feasibility of a multimodal intervention to reduce antibiotic prescriptions for urinary tract infections in primary care: a process evaluation of the RedAres trial among general practitioners and medical practice assistants.BMC health services research · 2025Trial
- The Quality of Outpatient Health Care: An Evaluation of Common Mental and Physical Conditions in Childhood and Adolescence (the QualiPäd Study).Deutsches Arzteblatt international · 2026Article
- General practitioners' perspectives on diagnosis and treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections: A qualitative study in the Northern Dutch-German cross-border region.The European journal of general practice · 2025Article
- Antibiotic consumption patterns in acute care hospitals: an integrated analysis using regression modelling combining data from two surveillance systems, Germany, 2022.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Changing Antibiotic Prescribing Cultures: A Comprehensive Review of Social Factors in Outpatient Antimicrobial Stewardship and Lessons Learned from the Local Initiative AnTiB.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Similarities in the consumption trajectory of antibacterial drugs in the outpatient care sector in Germany from 1986 to 2022: identification of shared patterns, correlation analysis of prescribed defined daily dose and assessment of underlying influences.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
- Significant reduction in antibiotic prescription rates in Japan following implementation of the national action plan on antimicrobial resistance (2016-20): a 9-year interrupted time-series analysis.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2025Article
- Article
- Antibiotic prescription practices and knowledge of its rational use among medical personnel in areas of Vidarbha: Are we equipped enough for rational use of medicines?Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2025Article
- Development and maintenance of consensus recommendations on pediatric outpatient antibiotic therapy in Germany: a framework for rational use.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Clonal T cell populations scarcely impair patients with rheumatic diseases: a prospective long-term follow up study.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- Antibiotics Usage and Avoidance in Germany and Poland: Attitudes and Knowledge of Patients, Physicians, and Pharmacists.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- [Analysis of factors influencing outpatient paediatric antibiotic prescriptions in Bielefeld from 2015 to 2018].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2024Article
- Comparative Analysis of Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing in Early Life: A Population-Based Study Across Birth Cohorts in Denmark and Germany.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A comprehensive small area description of regional variations in outpatient antibiotic prescribing in Germany is lacking. Using the German Pharmacoepidemiological Research Database (GePaRD), a claims database covering ~20% of the German population, we determined the age- and sex-standardized prescription rates of antibiotics (number of outpatient prescriptions per 1000 persons/year). We calculated these prescription rates overall and on the level of 401 German districts for the calendar years 2010 and 2018. In 2018, the standardized prescription rate of antibiotics in the total study population was 23% lower than in 2010 (442 vs. 575 per 1000 persons/year). Among 0-17-year-olds, prescription rates across districts ranged from 312 to 1205 in 2010 and from 188 to 710 in 2018 per 1000 persons/year; among adults (≥18 years), they ranged from 388 to 841 in 2010 and from 300 to 693 in 2018 per 1000 persons/year. Despite the overall decline in outpatient antibiotic prescribing between 2010 and 2018, regional variations at the district level remained high in all age groups in Germany. Identifying reasons that explain the persistently high prescription rates in certain regions will be helpful in designing effective and tailored measures to further improve antibiotic stewardship in these regions.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.