ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Defining Equinus Foot in Cerebral Palsy.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- A bibliometric analysis of cerebral palsy from 2003 to 2022.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- [Prevalence of equinus deformity in inpatients treated at a university hospital].Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Development of ankle and knee range of motion after isolated gastrocsoleus lengthening in children with cerebral palsy: a register-based longitudinal cohort study.Acta orthopaedica · 2025Article
- Prevalence of valgus and varus foot deformities in 2784 children with cerebral palsy, a register-based cross-sectional study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2024Article
- Reconsidering the Gold Standard for the Assessment of Spastic Equinus Foot.Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Global research & reviews · 2024Article
- Quantifying the effects of achilles tendon lengthening surgery: An intraoperative approach.Frontiers in physiology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEquinus foot is the deformity most frequently observed in patients with cerebral palsy (CP). While there is widespread agreement on the treatment of equinus foot, a clear clinical definition has been lacking. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate functional changes in gait analysis in relation to maximum possible dorsiflexion (0°, 5°, 10° and 15°) and in two subgroups of CP patients (unilateral and bilateral).
methodsIn this retrospective study, CP patients with different degrees of clinically measured maximum dorsiflexion were included. We further subdivided patients into unilaterally and bilaterally affected individuals and also included a healthy control group. All participants underwent a 3D gait analysis. Our goal was to determine the degree of maximum clinical dorsiflexion where the functional changes in range of motion (ROM) and ankle moment and power during gait were most evident. Then, a subgroup analysis was performed according to the affected side.
resultsIn all, 71 and 84 limbs were analyzed in unilaterally and bilaterally affected subgroups. The clinically 0° dorsiflexion group barely reached a plantigrade position in the 3D gait analysis. Differences in ROM were observed between subgroups. Ankle moment was quite similar between different subgroups but to a lower extent in the unilateral group. All CP patients had reduced ankle power compared to controls.
conclusionsA cutoff value of clinical ≤ 5° dorsiflexion is the recommended value for defining a functionally relevant equinus foot in CP patients.
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