ArticleAddiction science & clinical practice2022
The Rural Opioid Initiative Consortium description: providing evidence to Understand the Fourth Wave of the Opioid Crisis.
Article in Addiction science & clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed.
- Can a participant-referred 'study buddy' increase retention of rural people who use drugs in research? A multi-site, randomized trial.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Trial
- Mobile Telemedicine for Treating Chronic Hepatitis C Among Rural People Who Inject Drugs: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2026Trial
- Novel intervention to improve food insecurity among individuals with opioid use disorder: A randomized clinical trial.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2025Trial
- Communities That HEAL Intervention and Mortality Including Polysubstance Overdose Deaths: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Estimating the impact of stimulant use on initiation of buprenorphine and extended-release naltrexone in two clinical trials and real-world populations.Addiction science & clinical practice · 2023Trial
- Higher prevalence of non-fatal overdose with opioid and stimulant use compared to use of opioids alone.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Experiences of People Who Use Drugs in Rural Southeastern Ohio During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Harm Reduction, Substance Use Treatment, and Trusted Information Sources.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Emergency preparedness planning: lessons from COVID-19 and the opioid crisis in rural Ohio.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Medications for opioid use disorder, recovery supports, and overdose risk -- a database linkage study of a rural cohort of people who inject drugs and use opioids.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Drug Use and Social Connectivity Related to Hepatitis C Infection Among Rural People Who Use Drugs.Journal of viral hepatitis · 2026Article
- Correlates of Rural Naloxone Possession Among People Who Use Drugs: A Multi-State Cross-Sectional Analysis.The Journal of rural health : official journal of the American Rural Health Association and the National Rural Health Care Association · 2026Article
- Characteristics of People Who Inject Drugs Approached for Injection Assistance in Rural Kentucky.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Transitions from first drug use to illicit opioid and injection drug use in a multisite rural U.S. cohort of people who use drugs.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Willingness to use a mobile syringe service program among people who inject drugs in rural Appalachia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Gender and power dynamics in three types of injection partnerships among young women in rural Appalachia.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- The Association Between Receiving Medications for Opioid Use Disorder and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing: Findings From the Rural Opioid Initiative.Journal of addiction medicine · 2026Article
- Hepatitis C virus transmission among people who inject drugs in rural United States: mathematical modeling study using stochastic agent-based network simulation.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Acceptability and Appropriateness of Harm Reduction Vending Machines Compared to Syringe Service Programs in Appalachian Kentucky.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Prevalence of Illicit Drug Detection in 5 US Cities Among Out-of-Treatment People Who Inject Drugs.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Patterns of Felt Stigma Among Rural-Dwelling People Who Use Drugs: A Latent Class Analysis.Substance use & misuse · 2026Article
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo characterize and address the opioid crisis disproportionately impacting rural U.S. regions.
methodsThe Rural Opioid Initiative (ROI) is a two-phase project to collect and harmonize quantitative and qualitative data and develop tailored interventions to address rural opioid use. The baseline quantitative survey data from people who use drugs (PWUD) characterizes the current opioid epidemic (2018-2020) in eight geographically diverse regions.
resultsAmong 3,084 PWUD, 92% reported ever injecting drugs, 86% reported using opioids (most often heroin) and 74% reported using methamphetamine to get high in the past 30 days; 53% experienced homelessness in the prior 6 months; and 49% had ever overdosed. Syringe service program use varied by region and 53% had ever received an overdose kit or naloxone prescription. Less than half (48%) ever received medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD).
conclusionsThe ROI combines data across eight rural regions to better understand drug use including drivers and potential interventions in rural areas with limited resources. Baseline ROI data demonstrate extensive overlap between opioid and methamphetamine use, high homelessness rates, inadequate access to MOUD, and other unmet needs among PWUD in the rural U.S. By combining data across studies, the ROI provides much greater statistical power to address research questions and better understand the syndemic of infectious diseases and drug use in rural settings including unmet treatment needs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.