Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35880971›Full record

ArticleRapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM2022

A study of impurities in the repurposed COVID-19 drug hydroxychloroquine sulfate using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance.

Donghai Xu, Fangfang Pan, Hao Ruan, Nan Sun

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 30% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Donghai XuZhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Product Administration Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7096-0635
Fangfang PanZhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Product Administration Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation, Hangzhou, China.
Hao RuanZhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, National Medical Product Administration Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5186-4402
Nan SunZhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
National Medical Products Administration · CNZhejiang University of Technology · CN

Funding

Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Food and Drug Administration 2021012Zhejiang Basic Public Welfare Research Program LGC22H300003
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

rationaleHydroxychloroquine sulfate is effective in the treatment of malaria and autoimmune diseases and as an antiviral drug. However, unreported impurities are often detected in this drug, which pose a health risk. In this study, the structures of hydroxychloroquine and six unknown impurities were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q/TOF/MS/MS), and the structures were characterized using liquid chromatography-solid-phase extraction-nuclear magnetic resonance (LC-SPE-NMR) spectroscopy.

methodsAn Agilent InfinityLad Poroshell HPH-C18 column (100 × 4.6 mm, 2.7 μm) was used. For the analysis of hydroxychloroquine and six unknown impurities, the mobile phase was 20 mM ammonium formate aqueous solution and methanol/acetonitrile (80:20, v/v) using gradient elution. Full-scan MS and MS

resultsThe MS

conclusionsBased on the identification and characterization of these impurities, this study also describes the cause of the production of the impurities and provides insights for companies to improve their production processes and a scientific basis for the improvement of the related pharmacopoeias.

Indexed as

COVID-19 Drug TreatmentHydroxychloroquineChromatography, High Pressure LiquidChromatography, LiquidDrug ContaminationHumansMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopySolid Phase ExtractionTandem Mass SpectrometryHydroxychloroquine

Identifiers

PMID35880971
PMCPMC9350102
OpenAlexW4288036642

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.