ArticlePloS one2022
Delayed ART initiation in "Test and Treat era" and its associated factors among adults receiving antiretroviral therapy at public health institutions in Northwest Ethiopia: A multicenter cross-sectional study.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond knowledge deficits: social visibility, family dynamics, and delayed initiation among people living with HIV in Southwestern China-a descriptive phenomenological study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Mortality and its predictors among adolescents and adults on antiretroviral therapy in the era of test-and-treat, Ethiopia: a retrospective cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Delay antiretroviral therapy initiation and factors affecting it among patients on antiretroviral treatment at North Shewa zone public health facilities, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2024: a mixed method approach.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Increased IFN responses drive myeloid cell activation in people living with HIV-1.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Time to initiation of antiretroviral therapy and its predictors among newly diagnosed HIV positive at the selected public health centers in Adama Town, Ethiopia.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Factors associated with late initiation of antiretroviral therapy in Iran's HIV/AIDS surveillance data.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Nutritional risk and HbA1c as critical risk factors and predictors of opportunistic infections in HIV-DM comorbid patients: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Incidence and predictors of virological failure among children receiving first-line anti-retroviral treatment in public comprehensive specialized hospitals found in Northeast Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
- Predictors of delayed Anti-Retroviral Therapy initiation among adults referred for HIV treatment in Uganda: a cross-sectional study.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- Perceptions toward antiretroviral therapy and delayed ART initiation among people living with HIV in Changsha, China: mediating effects of treatment willingness.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- A retrospective clinical study of dolutegravir- versus efavirenz-based regimen in treatment-naïve patients with advanced HIV infection in Nanjing, China.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Determinants of Late Initiation in Anti-retroviral Therapy Among HIV Positive Adult Patients in Public Health Facilities, West Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia: A Case Control Study.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareArticle
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAntiretroviral therapy (ART) has shown promising effects on the reduction of new HIV infection as well as HIV-related morbidity and mortality. In order to boost the effect of ART on ending HIV epidemics by 2030, the World Health Organization (WHO) indeed introduced a universal test and treat strategy in 2015 that recommends rapid (within seven days) initiation of ART for all HIV-positive patients. However, in low-income countries, a substantial number of HIV-positive patients were not enrolled in time, and information on delayed ART initiation status in Ethiopia is limited.
methodA multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 HIV-positive adults receiving ART at public health institutions in Bahir Dar city, Northwest Ethiopia. A structured checklist was used to extract data from the patient's medical record. Data was entered into Epi-data version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for further analysis. Both simple and multivariable binary logistic regressions were executed, and variables with a p-value < 0.05 in the final model were considered significant predictors of delayed ART initiation.
resultsThe magnitude of delayed ART initiation was 39% (95% CI: 34%-44%). Being male [Adjusted odds ratio(AOR) = 1.99, 95%CI:1.3-3.2], having opportunistic infections (OIs) [AOR = 2.50, 95%CI:1.4-4.6], having other chronic diseases [AOR = 3.70,95%CI:1.7-8.3], substance abuse [AOR = 3.79, 95%CI: 1.9-7.4], having ambulatory functional status [AOR = 5.38, 95%CI: 1.4-9.6] and didn't have other HIV-positive family member [AOR = 1.85, 95%CI: 1.2-2.9] increases the odds of delayed ART initiation. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: The burden of delayed ART initiation is found to be high. The presence of OIs and other chronic problems, substance abuse, ambulatory functional status, being male, and not having other HIV-positive family members were identified as significant predictors of delayed ART initiation. Special emphasis needs to be considered for those individuals with the identified risk factors.
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