ArticleActa psychiatrica Scandinavica2022
School performance and later diagnoses of nonaffective psychoses, bipolar disorder, and depression.
Article in Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- School performance gap between non-immigrant and second-generation immigrant children in Sweden-time trends and contributing factors.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Parental mental disorders and school performance among non-immigrant and second-generation immigrant children in Sweden.Journal of migration and health · 2025Article
- Dissecting the polygenic contribution of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder on school performance by their relationship with educational attainment.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Changes in the association between educational achievement, attainment and subsequent mental health: A survival analysis of 21 Swedish graduation cohorts.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Issues and Solutions in Psychiatric Clinical Trial with Case Studies.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2024Article
- School achievement in adolescence and the risk of mental disorders in early adulthood: a Finnish nationwide register study.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- School performance and later diagnoses of nonaffective psychoses, bipolar disorder, and depression.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveIt is unclear whether there are differences between specific school subject performance and later psychiatric disorders. We examined whether mean grade point average (MGPA) and specific school subjects associated with diagnoses of nonaffective psychoses, bipolar disorder and depression.
methodsIn this register-based study, we studied the Finnish population born in 1987 who had available MGPA and six specific school grades (age = 15.4-16.4 years; n = 50,508). Grades were analyzed with smoothing splines. Covariates included sex, urbanicity, parental education level and parental diagnosed psychiatric disorders. Outcomes were incident nonaffective psychosis, bipolar disorder and depression diagnosed in specialized services until year 2015 (age = 28.0-28.9 years).
resultsDuring the follow-up, 727 individuals were diagnosed with nonaffective psychoses, 489 with bipolar disorder and 3492 with depression. MGPA was inversely associated with all outcomes. In multivariate models including specific school subjects and covariates, the school subject with largest risk ratios (RR) was Physical Education (RR and Bonferroni-corrected confidence interval [CI] at -1.5 SD: nonaffective psychoses 1.63, 1.36-1.95; bipolar disorder 1.64, 1.30-2.05; depression 1.72, 1.53-1.93). Higher grades in Art were associated with nonaffective psychoses and depression (RR and Bonferroni-corrected CI at +1.5 SD: nonaffective psychoses 1.48, 1.11-1.96; depression 1.22, 1.07-1.38).
conclusionThere was a robust association between poorer scores on Physical Education and risk for psychosis, bipolar disorder and depression. Higher grades in Art were also associated with risk for later disorders. Subject specific school performance may be more informative about mental disorder risk than overall school performance.
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