ReviewBJPsych open2022
Short-stay crisis units for mental health patients on crisis care pathways: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in BJPsych open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Quality Improvement Initiative to Improve Psychiatry Trainees' Knowledge and Confidence in Levels of Care.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Innovation in Acute Adolescent Mental Healthcare: Evaluating a Responsive and Sustainable Mental Healthcare Model.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- [Suicidal ideation with instrumental components at inpatient psychiatric admission or discharge: clinical, ethical and judicial implications and recommendations for action].Der Nervenarzt · 2026Review
- Psychiatric Inpatient Length of Stay and Needs: A Cluster Analysis using Machine Learning Algorithms.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Article
- Healthcare Service Gap Analysis: A Comparison of Trend Data from 2018 and 2022 Dubai Clinical Services Capacity Reports.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Voices of Students in Crisis: Qualitative Interviews with College Students Hospitalized for Psychiatric Distress.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2025Article
- Psychiatric Emergency or General Emergency: Evolution or Involution? A Qualitative Study With Mental Health and Emergency Professionals.International journal of mental health nursing · 2025Article
- An Evaluation Protocol for A Stabilisation and Referral Area (SARA): A Novel Short Stay Psychiatry Unit Serving A Remote Region of Australia.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
- The impact of psychiatric decision units on mental health crisis care pathways: a synthetic control study.PLOS mental health · 2025Article
- Specialized short term crisis intervention for patients with personality disorder: Effects on coercion and length of stay.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2024Observational
- Scoping review of the effectiveness of 10 high-impact initiatives (HIIs) for recovering urgent and emergency care services.BMJ open quality · 2024Article
- Reasons for High Emergency Department Use Among Patients With Common Mental Disorders or Substance-Related Disorders.Healthcare policy = Politiques de sante · 2024Article
- Barriers and Facilitators to High Emergency Department Use Among Patients with Mental Disorders: A Qualitative Investigation.Community mental health journal · 2024Article
- Emergency Department Use among Patients with Mental Health Problems: Profiles, Correlates, and Outcomes.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Management of youth with suicidal ideation: Challenges and best practices for emergency departments.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2024Article
- The effect of psychiatric decision unit services on inpatient admissions and mental health presentations in emergency departments: an interrupted time series analysis from two cities and one rural area in England.Epidemiology and psychiatric sciences · 2024Article
- Characteristics for Low, High and Very High Emergency Department Use for Mental Health Diagnoses from Health Records and Structured Interviews.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- The impact of the cost-of-living crisis on population health in the UK: rapid evidence review.BMC public health · 2024Review
- Ranking important predictors of the need for a high-acuity psychiatry unit among 2,064 inpatients admitted to psychiatric emergency hospitals: a random forest model.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Service use preceding and following first referral for psychiatric emergency care at a short-stay crisis unit: A cohort study across three cities and one rural area in England.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundInternationally, an increasing proportion of emergency department visits are mental health related. Concurrently, psychiatric wards are often occupied above capacity. Healthcare providers have introduced short-stay, hospital-based crisis units offering a therapeutic space for stabilisation, assessment and appropriate referral. Research lags behind roll-out, and a review of the evidence is urgently needed to inform policy and further introduction of similar units.
aimsThis systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of short-stay, hospital-based mental health crisis units.
methodWe searched EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO up to March 2021. All designs incorporating a control or comparison group were eligible for inclusion, and all effect estimates with a comparison group were extracted and combined meta-analytically where appropriate. We assessed study risk of bias with Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies - of Interventions and Risk of Bias in Randomized Trials.
resultsData from twelve studies across six countries (Australia, Belgium, Canada, The Netherlands, UK and USA) and 67 505 participants were included. Data indicated that units delivered benefits on many outcomes. Units could reduce psychiatric holds (42% after intervention compared with 49.8% before intervention; difference = 7.8%;
conclusionsShort-stay mental health crisis units are effective for reducing emergency department wait times and in-patient admissions. Further research should investigate the impact of units on patient experience, and clinical and social outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.