Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35875119›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in oncology2022

Adapalene and Doxorubicin Synergistically Promote Apoptosis of TNBC Cells by Hyperactivation of the ERK1/2 Pathway Through ROS Induction.

Umar Mehraj, Irfan Ahmad Mir, Mahboob Ul Hussain, Mustfa Alkhanani, Nissar Ahmad Wani, Manzoor Ahmad Mir

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
2.9field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Design, Synthesis,ACS omega · 2026
    Article
  2. Targeting the JAK/STAT signalling axis in cancer: chemopreventive potential of natural compounds with emerging focus on retinoids.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Programmed cell death in triple-negative breast cancer.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
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  10. [Different concentrations of adapalene induce differentiation and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024
    Article
  11. Review
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  17. NovelJournal of enzyme inhibition and medicinal chemistry · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Umar MehrajDepartment of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
Irfan Ahmad MirDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
Mahboob Ul HussainDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
Mustfa AlkhananiEmergency Service Department, College of Applied Sciences, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Nissar Ahmad WaniDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India.
Manzoor Ahmad MirDepartment of Bioresources, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
University of Kashmir · INAlmaarefa UniversityCentral University of Kashmir · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Doxorubicin is a commonly used chemotherapeutic agent to treat several malignancies, including aggressive tumors like triple-negative breast cancer. It has a limited therapeutic index owing to its extreme toxicity and the emergence of drug resistance. As a result, there is a pressing need to find innovative drugs that enhance the effectiveness of doxorubicin while minimizing its toxicity. The rationale of the present study is that combining emerging treatment agents or repurposed pharmaceuticals with doxorubicin might increase susceptibility to therapeutics and the subsequent establishment of improved pharmacological combinations for treating triple-negative breast cancer. Additionally, combined treatment will facilitate dosage reduction, reducing the toxicity associated with doxorubicin. Recently, the third-generation retinoid adapalene was reported as an effective anticancer agent in several malignancies. This study aimed to determine the anticancer activity of adapalene in TNBC cells and its effectiveness in combination with doxorubicin, and the mechanistic pathways in inhibiting tumorigenicity. Adapalene inhibits tumor cell growth and proliferation and acts synergistically with doxorubicin in inhibiting growth, colony formation, and migration of TNBC cells. Also, the combination of adapalene and doxorubicin enhanced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species triggering hyperphosphorylation of Erk1/2 and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Our results demonstrate that adapalene is a promising antitumor agent that may be used as a single agent or combined with present therapeutic regimens for TNBC treatment.

Indexed as

adapalenebreast cancerChou-Talalaycombination therapydoxorubicindrug resistanceTNBC

Identifiers

PMID35875119
PMCPMC9298514
OpenAlexW4286632721

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.