SynthesisFrontiers in immunology2022
Systematic Review of Safety and Efficacy of IL-1-Targeted Biologics in Treating Immune-Mediated Disorders.
Synthesis in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 75 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 116 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- International multidisciplinary consensus on the definition and clinical approach for monogenic inflammatory immune dysregulation disorders.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2025Pooled it
- British Society for Rheumatology guideline on management of adult and juvenile onset Sjögren disease.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Guideline
- A Systematic Review on the Dual Role of Interleukin-1 in CAR T-Cell Therapy: Enhancer and Mitigator.Iranian biomedical journal · 2024Pooled it
- Interleukin-1β inhibitors for the management of acute gout flares: a systematic literature review.Arthritis research & therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Discovery and synthesis of phenylthiophene sulfonamide derivatives with promising anti-inflammatory activity.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist autoantibodies in Still's disease: Mechanistic insights and laboratory testing.World journal of methodology · 2026Review
- Multicomponent reaction synthesis and evaluation of novel 3,4-dihydropyrazine[1,2-b]Indazole-1(2H)-one derivatives as inhibitors of pyroptosis and inflammation.Molecular diversity · 2026Article
- Modulating IL-1β-induced pro-atherogenic endothelial responses through drug repurposing.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- A positive feedback loop between BACH1 and IL-1β promotes the progression of HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- IL-1-mediated vitreous inflammation as an early indicator of retinal ganglion cell loss following acute optic nerve injury.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- From insult to hyperexcitability: pharmacological targeting of MyD88 and JAK/STAT3 pathways in epilepsy.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Caspase-1 in cancer and inflammatory diseases: a potential therapeutic target.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- Osteoarthritis: molecular pathogenesis and potential therapeutic options.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- The NLRP3 Inflammasome: Mechanisms of Activation, Regulation, and Therapeutic Opportunities.MedComm · 2026Review
- Pharmacologic management of renal involvement in monogenic autoinflammatory diseases.European journal of medical research · 2026Review
- Exploring the intricate relationship between IL-1β and IL-18 in the context of osteoarthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- CSF1R and IL1R1 inhibitors synergistically attenuate the early pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury in mice.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Biological Therapies for Urate Lowering and Inflammation Control in Gout Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Context-dependent roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in osteomyelitis and strategies for precision modulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 plays a pivotal role in immune-mediated disorders, particularly in autoinflammatory diseases. Targeting this cytokine proved to be efficacious in treating numerous IL-1-mediated pathologies. Currently, three IL-1 blockers are approved, namely anakinra, canakinumab and rilonacept, and two additional ones are expected to receive approval, namely gevokizumab and bermekimab. However, there is no systematic review on the safety and efficacy of these biologics in treating immune-mediated diseases. Objective: To evaluate safety and efficacy of anakinra, canakinumab, rilonacept, gevokizumab, and bermekimab for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders compared to placebo, standard-of-care treatment or other biologics. Methods: The PRISMA checklist guided the reporting of the data. We searched the PubMed database between 1 January 1984 and 31 December 2020 focusing on immune-mediated disorders. Our PubMed literature search identified 7363 articles. After screening titles and abstracts for the inclusion and exclusion criteria and assessing full texts, 75 articles were included in a narrative synthesis. Results: Anakinra was both efficacious and safe in treating cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS), familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), gout, macrophage activation syndrome, recurrent pericarditis, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA). Conversely, anakinra failed to show efficacy in graft-versus-host disease, Sjögren's syndrome, and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Canakinumab showed efficacy in treating CAPS, FMF, gout, hyper-IgD syndrome, RA, Schnitzler's syndrome, sJIA, and TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome. However, use of canakinumab in the treatment of adult-onset Still's disease and T1DM revealed negative results. Rilonacept was efficacious and safe for the treatment of CAPS, FMF, recurrent pericarditis, and sJIA. Contrarily, Rilonacept did not reach superiority compared to placebo in the treatment of T1DM. Gevokizumab showed mixed results in treating Behçet's disease-associated uveitis and no benefit when assessed in T1DM. Bermekimab achieved promising results in the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa. Conclusions: This systematic review of IL-1-targeting biologics summarizes the current state of research, safety, and clinical efficacy of anakinra, bermekimab, canakinumab, gevokizumab, and rilonacept in treating immune-mediated disorders. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, identifier CRD42021228547.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.