ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2022
Prognostic Factors of Small Non-Functional Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors and the Risk of Lymph Node Metastasis: A Population-Level Study.
Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Procedure-specific morbidity and pathologic assessment after resection of small (≤20 mm) pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2026Observational
- Clinicopathological and molecular determinants of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: toward precision risk stratification.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Survival benefit of primary tumor resection in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors with unresectable liver metastases: A meta-analysis.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2025Article
- Accuracy and Prognostic Impact of Nodal Status on Preoperative Imaging for Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: A Multi-Institutional Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2024Article
- Predictive and prognostic nomogram models for liver metastasis in colorectal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a large population study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Development and validation of CT-based radiomics deep learning signatures to predict lymph node metastasis in non-functional pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: a multicohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
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6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
Background: Small non-functional neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PNETs) are a heterogeneous subset of tumors with controversy regarding their optimal management. We aimed to analyze the prognostic factors of patients with small NF-PNETs and create a risk score for lymph node metastasis (LNM). Methods: Data of 751 patients with NF-PNETs ≤ 2 cm were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Multivariate survival analysis was performed to analyze the prognostic factors. Logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for LNM. Results: Of the 751 patients, 99 (13.2%) were confirmed to have LNM. In multivariate survival analysis, LNM (hazard ratio [HR], 2.12; 95% CI, 1.04-4.32, p = 0.040) was independently associated with disease-specific survival. Logistic regression identified that tumor location in the head of the pancreas (odds ratio [OR], 4.33; 95% CI, 2.75-6.81; p < 0.001), size ≥ 1.5-2 cm (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.17-2.87; p = 0.009), and grade III-IV (OR, 7.90; 95% CI, 1.79-34.90; p = 0.006) were independent risk factors of LNM. According to the OR value, the risk of LNM was scored as follows: a score of 1 for tumors located in the body/tail of the pancreas and 4 for those located in the head; a score of 1 for tumors <1 cm and 2 for those ≥1.5-2 cm; and a score of 1 for tumors with grade I-II and 8 for those with grade III-IV. Finally, the median score for this cohort was 4, with an interquartile range of 3-6. Therefore, patients were classified as three groups based on the risk score system: a total score of 1-3 for low risk, 4-6 for intermediate risk (OR, 2.98; 95% CI, 1.59-5.60; p = 0.001), and 7-14 for high risk (OR, 8.94; 95% CI, 4.50-17.7; p < 0.001), with an incidence of LNM 5.0%, 13.5%, and 31.8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Surgical resection with regional lymphadenectomy is recommended for small NF-PNETs with malignant potential of LNM. A risk score for LNM based on tumor grade, location, and size may preoperatively predict LNM of small NF-PNETs and guide clinical practice.
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