ReviewWIREs mechanisms of disease2022
Mechanisms of immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome after CAR-T treatment.
Review in WIREs mechanisms of disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guillain-Barre syndrome in patients receiving chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy: an individual participant data meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Dose Optimization of Elranatamab to Mitigate the Risk of Cytokine Release Syndrome in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.Targeted oncology · 2025Trial
- Delirium in the oncology intensive care unit: Risk, recognition, and recovery strategies.World journal of critical care medicine · 2026Review
- Safety Signals of CRS and ICANS With Tarlatamab in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights From a Small Case Study.Thoracic cancer · 2026Article
- Mechanobiology of CAR-T cell therapy: regulatory mechanisms and strategies for enhanced antitumor immunity.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Coordinated expansion of CD163bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- CAR T-Cell Therapy in Neurology: A Scoping Review of Neuro-Oncology, Autoimmune Diseases & Neurotoxicity.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Neurological complications of current and emerging CAR-T cell therapies.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Review
- Neurological adverse events of blinatumomab in children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a retrospective study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Mosunetuzumab: Experience in the Hospital Cardinale Giovanni Panico.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology-enhanced CAR-T therapy strategies in cancer, aging, and autoimmune diseases.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Beyond the infusion: nursing at the vanguard of cytokine release syndrome rescue in CAR-T cell therapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Review
- Bispecific and multispecific immune engagers for redirecting innate and adaptive immunity against hematologic cancers.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Current Developments of CAR-T and CAR-NK Cell Therapies for Ovarian Cancer.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Prospective observational study of magnetic resonance imaging in anti-CD19 CAR T-cell-associated neurotoxicity.Journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- Advanced strategies to enhance the safety, persistence, and efficacy of CAR-T cells in solid tumors.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Repurposing mitochondrial-targeting drugs for management of ICANS in CAR T-cell therapy: a novel steroid-sparing approach.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Endotheliopathy in CAR T-Cell Therapy: Mechanistic Insights into the VWF/ADAMTS13 Axis and the Angiopoietin-Tie2 Pathway.TH open : companion journal to thrombosis and haemostasis · 2026Review
- Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome following ciltacabtagene autoleucel therapy for relapsed multiple myeloma: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- A review on toxicities of T-cell engager-based therapies in solid tumors.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) treatment has revolutionized the landscape of cancer therapy with significant efficacy on hematologic malignancy, especially in relapsed and refractory B cell malignancies. However, unexpected serious toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) still hamper its broad application. Clinical trials using CAR-T cells targeting specific antigens on tumor cell surface have provided valuable information about the characteristics of ICANS. With unclear mechanism of ICANS after CAR-T treatment, unremitting efforts have been devoted to further exploration. Clinical findings from patients with ICANS strongly indicated existence of overactivated peripheral immune response followed by endothelial activation-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, which triggers subsequent central nervous system (CNS) inflammation and neurotoxicity. Several animal models have been built but failed to fully replicate the whole spectrum of ICANS in human. Hopefully, novel and powerful technologies like single-cell analysis may help decipher the precise cellular response within CNS from a different perspective when ICANS happens. Moreover, multidisciplinary cooperation among the subjects of immunology, hematology, and neurology will facilitate better understanding about the complex immune interaction between the peripheral, protective barriers, and CNS in ICANS. This review elaborates recent findings about ICANS after CAR-T treatment from bed to bench, and discusses the potential cellular and molecular mechanisms that may promote effective management in the future. This article is categorized under: Cancer > Biomedical Engineering Immune System Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology Neurological Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.