Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35871459›Full record

ArticlePediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology2022

Virology and immune dynamics reveal high household transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain.

Shidan Tosif, Ebene R Haycroft, Sohinee Sarkar, Zheng Quan Toh, Lien Anh Ha Do, Celeste M Donato, Kevin J Selva, Monsurul Hoq, Isabella Overmars, Jill Nguyen and 21 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Limited role of children in transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus in households-Immunological analysis of 26 familial clusters.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2023
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Observational
  5. Article
  6. Virology and immune dynamics reveal high household transmission of ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain.Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2022
    Article
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

31 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Shidan TosifDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-0022-1009
Ebene R HaycroftDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-5059-3030
Sohinee SarkarDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Zheng Quan TohDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Lien Anh Ha DoDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-2401-8980
Celeste M DonatoDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Kevin J SelvaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-0780-9422
Monsurul HoqClinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Isabella OvermarsInfection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0002-9710-6113
Jill NguyenInfection and Immunity, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Lai-Yang LeeDepartment of Microbiology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Vanessa CliffordDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Andrew DaleyDepartment of Microbiology, The Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Francesa L MordantDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Jodie McVernonDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Kim MulhollandDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Adrian J MarcatoDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Miranda Z SmithDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Nigel CurtisDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Sarah McNabDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Richard SafferyDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Katherine KedzierskaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Kanta SubarraoDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
David BurgnerDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Andrew SteerDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Julie E BinesDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Philip SuttonDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0003-3129-1800
Paul V LicciardiDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Amy W ChungDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
Melanie R NeelandDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.ORCID 0000-0001-7301-9982
Nigel W CrawfordDepartment of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.
The University of Melbourne · AURoyal Children's Hospital · AUMurdoch Children's Research Institute · AU

Funding

NIAID NIH HHS HHSN272201400008C
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHousehold studies are crucial for understanding the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may be underestimated from PCR testing of respiratory samples alone. We aim to combine the assessment of household mitigation measures; nasopharyngeal, saliva, and stool PCR testing; along with mucosal and systemic SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, to comprehensively characterize SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission in households.

methodsBetween March and September 2020, we obtained samples from 92 participants in 26 households in Melbourne, Australia, in a 4-week period following the onset of infection with ancestral SARS-CoV-2 variants.

resultsThe secondary attack rate was 36% (24/66) when using nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) PCR positivity alone. However, when respiratory and nonrespiratory samples were combined with antibody responses in blood and saliva, the secondary attack rate was 76% (50/66). SARS-CoV-2 viral load of the index case and household isolation measures were key factors that determine secondary transmission. In 27% (7/26) of households, all family members tested positive by NPS for SARS-CoV-2 and were characterized by lower respiratory Ct values than low transmission families (Median 22.62 vs. 32.91; IQR 17.06-28.67 vs. 30.37-34.24). High transmission families were associated with enhanced plasma antibody responses to multiple SARS-CoV-2 antigens and the presence of neutralizing antibodies. Three distinguishing saliva SARS-CoV-2 antibody features were identified according to age (IgA1 to Spike 1, IgA1 to nucleocapsid protein (NP)), suggesting that adults and children generate distinct mucosal antibody responses during the acute phase of infection.

conclusionUtilizing respiratory and nonrespiratory PCR testing, along with the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific local and systemic antibodies, provides a more accurate assessment of infection within households and highlights some of the immunological differences in response between children and adults.

Indexed as

COVID-19SARS-CoV-2AdultAntibodies, ViralChildHumansImmunoglobulin AAntibodies, ViralImmunoglobulin AchildrenCOVID-19immunologynovel coronavirusSARS-CoV-2, household transmission

Identifiers

PMID35871459
PMCPMC9349415
OpenAlexW4285045542

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.