Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35871257›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

Saliva as alternative to naso-oropharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection by RT-qPCR: a multicenter cross-sectional diagnostic validation study.

Michael L Tee, Aedrian A Abrilla, Cherica A Tee, Leslie Michelle M Dalmacio, Vivencio Jose P Villaflor, Al-Zamzam A Abubakar, Pedrito Y Tagayuna, Sheldon Steven C Aquino, Vicente Aaron L Bernardo, Ronald R Matias

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Michael L TeeCollege of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines. mltee@up.edu.ph.
Aedrian A AbrillaCollege of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Cherica A TeeCollege of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Leslie Michelle M DalmacioCollege of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000, Manila, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Vivencio Jose P VillaflorDagupan Doctors Villaflor Memorial Hospital, Dagupan City, Pangasinan, Philippines.
Al-Zamzam A AbubakarCiudad Medical Zamboanga, Zamboanga City, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines.
Pedrito Y TagayunaFe Del Mundo Medical Center, Quezon City, National Capital Region, Philippines.
Sheldon Steven C AquinoDagupan Doctors Villaflor Memorial Hospital, Dagupan City, Pangasinan, Philippines.
Vicente Aaron L BernardoDagupan Doctors Villaflor Memorial Hospital, Dagupan City, Pangasinan, Philippines.
Ronald R MatiasSt. Luke's Medical Center, National Capital Region, Quezon City, Philippines.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Saliva has been demonstrated as feasible alternative to naso-oropharyngeal swab (NOS) for SARS-CoV-2 detection through reverse transcription quantitative/real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). This study compared the diagnostic agreement of conventional NOS, saliva with RNA extraction (SE) and saliva without RNA extraction (SalivaDirect) processing for RT-qPCR in identifying SARS-CoV-2. All techniques were also compared, as separate index tests, to a composite reference standard (CRS) where positive and negative results were defined as SARS-CoV-2 detection in either one or no sample, respectively. Of 517 paired samples, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 150 (29.01%) NOS and 151 (29.21%) saliva specimens. The saliva-based tests were noted to have a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy (95% confidence interval) of 92.67% (87.26%, 96.28%), 97.55% (95.40%, 98.87%) and 96.13% (94.09%, 97.62%), respectively, for SE RT-qPCR and 91.33% (85.64%, 95.30%), 98.91% (97.23%, 99.70%) and 96.71% (94.79%, 98.07%), respectively, for SalivaDirect RT-qPCR compared to NOS RT-qPCR. Compared to CRS, all platforms demonstrated statistically similar diagnostic performance. These findings suggest that both conventional and streamlined saliva RT-qPCR are at least non-inferior to conventional NOS RT-qPCR in detecting SARS-CoV-2.

Indexed as

Clinical Laboratory TechniquesCOVID-19COVID-19 TestingCross-Sectional StudiesHumansNasopharynxReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionRNA, ViralSalivaSARS-CoV-2Sensitivity and SpecificitySpecimen HandlingRNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID35871257
PMCPMC9308781

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.