Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35871245›Full record

ArticleFood and environmental virology2022

A 2019 Outbreak Investigation of Hepatitis A Virus Infections in the United States Linked to Imported Fresh Blackberries.

Monica McClure, Johnson Nsubuga, Martha P Montgomery, Erin Jenkins, Alvin Crosby, Daniela Schoelen, Colin Basler, Sumathi Ramachandran, Yulin Lin, Guo-Liang Xia and 12 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Food and environmental virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. [Expert recommendations on hepatitis A vaccination for adults].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2023
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Monica McClureCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA. Monica.McClure@fda.hhs.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-5131-3934
Johnson NsubugaCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Martha P MontgomeryCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Erin JenkinsCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Alvin CrosbyCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Daniela SchoelenCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Colin BaslerCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Sumathi RamachandranCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Yulin LinCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Guo-Liang XiaCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Yury KhudaykovCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Vilasini SuktankarCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Angela WagleyOffice of Regulatory Affairs, Food and Drug Administration, Southeast Food and Feed Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Vincent ThomasOffice of Regulatory Affairs, Food and Drug Administration, Southeast Food and Feed Laboratory, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Jacquelina WoodsCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, Dauphin Island, AL, USA.
Leslie HintzCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Janete OliveiraOffice of the Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Ana Lilia SandovalOffice of the Commissioner, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Justin FrederickDouglas County Health Department, Omaha, NE, 68105, USA.
Blake HendricksonNebraska Department of Health and Human Services, Lincoln, NE, 68509, USA.
Laura GieraltowskiCenters for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Stelios ViazisCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD, USA.
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition · USCenters for Disease Control and Prevention · USUnited States Food and Drug Administration · USDouglas County Health Department · USNebraska Department of Health and Human Services · US

Funding

Intramural FDA HHS FD999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Globally, hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the most common agents of acute viral hepatitis and causes approximately 1.4 million cases and 90,000 deaths annually despite the existence of an effective vaccine. In 2019, federal, state, and local partners investigated a multi-state outbreak of HAV infections linked to fresh blackberries sourced from multiple suppliers in Michoacán, Mexico. A total of 20 individuals with outbreak-related HAV infection were reported in seven states, including 11 hospitalizations, and no deaths. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Nebraska State and Douglas County Health Departments conducted a traceback investigation for fresh blackberries reportedly purchased by 16 ill persons. These individuals reported purchasing fresh blackberries from 11 points of service from September 16 through 29, 2019 and their clinical isolates assessed through next-generation sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were genetically similar. The traceback investigation did not reveal convergence on a common grower or packing house within Mexico, but all of the blackberries were harvested from growers in Michoacán, Mexico. FDA did not detect the pathogen after analyzing fresh blackberry samples from four distributors, one consumer, and from nine importers at the port of entry as a result of increased screening. Challenges included gaps in traceability practices and the inability to recover the pathogen from sample testing, which prohibited investigators from determining the source of the implicated blackberries. This multi-state outbreak illustrated the importance of food safety practices for fresh produce that may contribute to foodborne illness outbreaks.

Indexed as

Foodborne DiseasesHepatitis AHepatitis A virusRubusDisease OutbreaksHumansPhylogenyUnited StatesBlackberriesFoodborne illness outbreakHepatitis A virus

Identifiers

PMID35871245
PMCPMC9631456
OpenAlexW4286762158

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.