ArticleThe journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research2022
Three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging assessment of levator ani in women progressing from full-term pregnancy to 10 months postpartum.
Article in The journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Mode of Delivery and Levator Ani Muscle Abnormalities on 4D Transperineal Ultrasound at 6 Weeks Postpartum.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimTo identify the anatomical morphology of levator ani (LA) in primigravidae at term pregnancy and its natural process of changing after delivery.
methodsForty-one primigravidae (vaginal delivery: 29 women, cesarean delivery in the first stage of labor: 12 women) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at full-term pregnancy, 6 weeks and 10 months postpartum. Three-dimensional (3-D) model of LA created from MRI data using Mimics v.21.0 software and source images were assessed to determine the morphology. LA volume (LVOL) was calculated and used as indicator of muscle atrophy.
resultsDecrease of levator hiatus length (LH-L) was shown in both groups since 6 weeks postpartum. In the vaginal delivery group, the differences in LVOL between time points were significant (p < 0.05), showing a persistent decreasing tendency. Puborectalis attachment width (PAW) on the left was the smallest at 6 weeks postpartum (p < 0.05). LA avulsion and significant 2-D morphological change after delivery were only observed in this group (p < 0.05); In the cesarean section group, smaller LVOL was found at 6 weeks postpartum comparing with full-term pregnancy (p < 0.05); Larger levator-symphysis gap (LSG) and levator hiatus width (LH-W), smaller PAW were observed in vaginal delivery group comparing with cesarean section group at 6 weeks postpartum (p < 0.05), but none of the values exhibited between-group differences (p > 0.05) at 10 months postpartum. No other comparisons were considered significant (p >0.05).
conclusionsVaginal delivery, or even active labor itself may both lead to LA atrophy. And the morphology of LA is basically similar in different delivery modes at 10 months postpartum once the onset of labor has occurred, even though it changes more complicatedly after vaginal delivery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.