ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2023
A Health Inequity: Associations Between Cigarette Smoking Status and Mammogram Screening Among Women of Color.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neighborhood Factors Related to Cancer Screening in Texas: A Spatioecological Study.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- An analysis of multilevel factor contributions to breast cancer screening inequities in an academic health system.Cancer · 2025Observational
- A Pilot Analysis of Patient Portal Use and Breast Cancer Screening Among Black Patients in a Large Academic Health System.AJPM focus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
introductionWe evaluated differences in yearly mammogram screening by smoking status in a sample of US women. We also examined differences in mammogram screening by race/ethnicity, age, and health care coverage.
methodsData were from 1884 women participants in the 2018 Health of Houston Survey study. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the association between smoking status (current/former/non-smokers) and mammograms within 12 months. Moderators included race/ethnicity (Hispanic, Black, Asian, Other, White), age, and health care coverage.
resultsIn comparison to women who were non-smokers, current and former smokers showed lower odds to get a yearly mammogram (OR = 0.720; 95% CI = 0.709, .730 and OR = 0.702; 95% CI = 0.693, 0.710, respectively). Current smokers who identified as Hispanic or Black women and former smokers who identified as Hispanic, Asian, and other women showed lower odds of getting a mammogram (OR = 0.635, 95% CI = 0.611, 0.659; OR = 0.951, 95% CI = 0.919, 0.985) and (OR = 0.663, 95% CI = 0.642, 0.684; OR = 0.282, 95% CI = 0.263, 0.302; OR = 0.548, 95% CI = 0.496, 0.606) compared to White women. There were significant interactions by age and health care coverage.
conclusionsWomen of color who are current and former smokers showed lower odds to engage in mammogram screening, thus increasing their risk of undiagnosed breast cancer when compared to non-smokers. Ethnically diverse women already experience increased health disparities and smoking puts them at exacerbated risk of health complications and death. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings suggest that smoking status is a modifiable behavioral risk factor that requires further attention in the prevention of breast cancer in ethnic minority women. Health care institutions and policymakers need to increase their awareness of and outreach efforts to women of color who smoke. These outreach efforts should focus on increasing access to smoking interventions and cancer screenings.
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