Trial reportBMC nephrology2022
The effects of synbiotics on indoxyl sulphate level, constipation, and quality of life associated with constipation in chronic haemodialysis patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC nephrology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04527640 (Effects of Synbiotics Supplementation on the Concentration of the Uremic Toxin Indoxyl Sulfate, Symptoms of Constipation, and Constipation-related Quality of Life in End-stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis), which is not on this map. Cited by 20 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Synbiotics Supplementation on the Concentration of the Uremic Toxin Indoxyl Sulfate, Symptoms of Constipation, and Constipation-related Quality of Life in End-stage Renal Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of Gut Microbiome Modulation on Uremic Toxin Reduction in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of probiotics/synbiotics supplementation in patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Modulating effects of microbiota on synbiotic intervention outcomes for microbiota-derived trimethylamine, trimethylamine N-oxide and indoxyl sulfate in healthy young medical students: insights from a 12-week randomized clinical trial.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Trial
- A Symbiotic Meal Containing Extruded Sorghum and Probiotic (Nutrients · 2024Trial
- Impact of Probiotics, Prebiotics and Synbiotics Supplementation in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Trials.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Gut dysbiosis and constipation in patients with end-stage renal disease: pathogenic associations and therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiome-targeted therapeutics for chronic kidney disease: comparative efficacy of probiotic and microbial preparations.Inflammopharmacology · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Constipation and Quality of Life Among Individuals Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Gut Dysbiosis and Probiotic Therapy in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Comprehensive Review.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Dietary Intake and Gut Microbiome in CKD.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2025Review
- The gut-kidney axis in chronic kidney disease: mechanisms, microbial metabolites, and microbiome-targeted therapeutics.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- The influence of gut microbiota on the gut-brain-kidney axis and its implications for chronic kidney disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
- Gut microbiome remodeling in chronic kidney disease: implications of kidney replacement therapies and therapeutic interventions.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- A comprehensive review of synbiotics: an emerging paradigm in health promotion and disease management.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Review
- Intestinal microbiome changes and mechanisms of maintenance hemodialysis patients with constipation.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- The Usefulness of Resistant Maltodextrin and Chitosan Oligosaccharide in Management of Gut Leakage and Microbiota in Chronic Kidney Disease.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Review
- The efficacy ofAvicenna journal of phytomedicineArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with chronic kidney disease on haemodialysis (CKD-HD) creates an increase in proteolytic bacteria activity, leading to an increase in the production of uraemic toxins, such as indoxyl sulphate, worsening of constipation symptoms and reducing patients' quality of life. Improving gut microbiota dysbiosis is expected to improve this condition. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of synbiotics on indoxyl sulphate levels, constipation symptoms, and constipation-related quality of life in haemodialysis patients.
methodsThis was a double-blinded randomized controlled clinical trial with a parallel design involving haemodialysis patients. We included chronic haemodialysis patients with gastrointestinal complaints, difficulty defecating, faeces with hard consistency, or a bowel movement frequency of fewer than three times per week. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (synbiotics (Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum 5x10
resultsWe included 60 patients (30 intervention; median age of 51.23 (13.57) years, 33.3% male; 30 control; median age of 52.33 (11.29) years, 36.7% male). There was no significant difference in terms of pre- and postintervention indoxyl sulphate toxin levels in the synbiotics group compared to the placebo group (p=0.438). This study found an improvement in constipation symptoms (p = 0.006) and constipation-related quality of life (p=0.001) after synbiotic administration.
conclusionTwo months of synbiotic supplementation did not lower indoxyl sulphate toxin levels. Nevertheless, it had a major effect in improving constipation and quality of life affected by constipation in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis.
trial registrationNCT04527640 (date of first registration: 26/08/2020).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.