ArticleEBioMedicine2022
Immune aging in multiple sclerosis is characterized by abnormal CD4 T cell activation and increased frequencies of cytotoxic CD4 T cells with advancing age.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex- and age-specific associations ofAnnals of medicine · 2026Article
- Insights into the therapeutic strategies for aging and aging-associated diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Proteomic Age Acceleration in Multiple Sclerosis Precedes Symptom Onset and Associates with Severity.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Effect of late-onset on multiple sclerosis phenotype and outcome: evidence from a multi-national registry.Journal of neurology · 2026Observational
- Interpretable inflammation landscape of circulating immune cells.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Heated tobacco and cigarette smoke modulate CD4 + T cell activation and neuroinflammation in a context-dependent manner.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Loss of LXRβ Drives CD4Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Modulation of the immunological and neuroinflammatory microenvironment in older people with multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Multiple sclerosis: 2026 update.Free neuropathology · 2026Review
- T cell-mediated immunodysregulation in multiple sclerosis: from pathogenic subsets to therapeutic advances.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Immunosenescence in aging and neurodegenerative diseases: evidence, key hallmarks, and therapeutic implications.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- CD4 T cells acquire Eomesodermin to modulate cellular senescence and aging.Nature aging · 2025Article
- Apheresis for the treatment of relapses in MS and NMOSD: reduced antibody reactivities, gene expression changes and potential clinical response indicators.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Aging-dependent immunological changes in multiple sclerosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Changes in T lymphocyte subsets in patients with acute neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Targeting senescent microglia in progressive multiple sclerosis: a geroscience-informed approach.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Association between peripheral blood immunological status and intrathecal inflammatory markers differentiate multiple sclerosis clinical phenotypes.Acta neurologica Belgica · 2024Article
- Review of evidence linking exposure to environmental stressors and associated alterations in the dynamics of immunosenescence (ISC) with the global increase in multiple sclerosis (MS).Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Review
- Benefit delayed immunosenescence by regulating CD4Aging cell · 2024Review
- Understanding the Complex Dynamics of Immunosenescence in Multiple Sclerosis: From Pathogenesis to Treatment.Biomedicines · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmunosenescence (ISC) describes age-related changes in immune-system composition and function. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong inflammatory condition involving effector and regulatory T-cell imbalance, yet little is known about T-cell ISC in MS. We examined age-associated changes in circulating T cells in MS compared to normal controls (NC).
methodsForty untreated MS (Mean Age 43·3, Range 18-72) and 49 NC (Mean Age 48·6, Range 20-84) without inflammatory conditions were included in cross-sectional design. T-cell subsets were phenotypically and functionally characterized using validated multiparametric flow cytometry. Their aging trajectories, and differences between MS and NC, were determined using linear mixed-effects models.
findingsMS patients demonstrated early and persistent redistribution of naïve and memory CD4 T-cell compartments. While most CD4 and CD8 T-cell aging trajectories were similar between groups, MS patients exhibited abnormal age-associated increases of activated (HLA-DR
interpretationWhile many aspects of T-cell aging in MS are conserved, the older MS patients harbour abnormally increased frequencies of CD4 T cells with activated and cytotoxic effector profiles. Age-related decreased expression of T-cell co-inhibitory receptor CTLA-4, and increased B-cell costimulatory molecule expression, may provide a mechanism that drives aberrant activation of effector CD4 T cells that have been implicated in progressive disease.
fundingStated in Acknowledgements section of manuscript.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.