ArticlePLoS genetics2022
Combinatorial Gli activity directs immune infiltration and tumor growth in pancreatic cancer.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting CCR1 Remodels the Tumor Microenvironment and Relieves Immunosuppression in Pancreatic Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2026Article
- MiR-139 modulates CD8iScience · 2026Article
- Review
- GLI3 in cancer: a context-dependent regulator with diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic potential.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Case Report: High TMB fails to predict immunotherapy response inFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Histone lactylation-induced GLI3 activation drives macrophage M1 polarization and exosomal SERPINE1 release in abdominal aortic aneurysm progression.Cell death discovery · 2025Article
- GliFHV mice: a tool to investigate GLI processing and localization.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- FABP4-tastic Pancreatic Stellate Cells Coddle KITL to Uphold Inherent Microenvironmental Tumor Suppression.Cancer discovery · 2025Article
- Targeting Triple NK Cell Suppression Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Review of Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Ligustilide Inhibits the PI3K/AKT Signalling Pathway and Suppresses Cholangiocarcinoma Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion.Recent patents on anti-cancer drug discovery · 2025Article
- 6-gingerol promotes apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells through miR-506/Gli3 signaling pathway activation.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Oncogenic KRAS-Dependent Stromal Interleukin-33 Directs the Pancreatic Microenvironment to Promote Tumor Growth.Cancer discovery · 2024Article
- Tumor-derived GLI1 promotes remodeling of the immune tumor microenvironment in melanoma.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Article
- Pharmacologic Hedgehog inhibition modulates the cytokine profile of osteolytic breast cancer cells.Journal of bone oncology · 2024Article
- Dual and opposing roles for the kinesin-2 motor, KIF17, in Hedgehog-dependent cerebellar development.Science advances · 2024Article
- Heterozygous missense variant in GLI2 impairs human endocrine pancreas development.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Tumor Explants Elucidate a Cascade of Paracrine SHH, WNT, and VEGF Signals Driving Pancreatic Cancer Angiosuppression.Cancer discovery · 2024Article
- Notch Signaling Regulates Immunosuppressive Tumor-Associated Macrophage Function in Pancreatic Cancer.Cancer immunology research · 2024Article
- SUFU promotes GLI activity in a Hedgehog-independent manner in pancreatic cancer.The Biochemical journal · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Proper Hedgehog (HH) signaling is essential for embryonic development, while aberrant HH signaling drives pediatric and adult cancers. HH signaling is frequently dysregulated in pancreatic cancer, yet its role remains controversial, with both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining functions reported. Notably, the GLI family of HH transcription factors (GLI1, GLI2, GLI3), remain largely unexplored in pancreatic cancer. We therefore investigated the individual and combined contributions of GLI1-3 to pancreatic cancer progression. At pre-cancerous stages, fibroblast-specific Gli2/Gli3 deletion decreases immunosuppressive macrophage infiltration and promotes T cell infiltration. Strikingly, combined loss of Gli1/Gli2/Gli3 promotes macrophage infiltration, indicating that subtle changes in Gli expression differentially regulate immune infiltration. In invasive tumors, Gli2/Gli3 KO fibroblasts exclude immunosuppressive myeloid cells and suppress tumor growth by recruiting natural killer cells. Finally, we demonstrate that fibroblasts directly regulate macrophage and T cell migration through the expression of Gli-dependent cytokines. Thus, the coordinated activity of GLI1-3 directs the fibroinflammatory response throughout pancreatic cancer progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.