ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
Evolved interactions stabilize many coexisting phases in multicomponent liquids.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Combinatorial decision-making driven by multicomponent surface condensates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Polarization as a Process: The Potential of Process Ontology for Understanding Cellular Symmetry Breaking.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Live-cell quantification reveals viscoelastic regulation of synapsin condensates by α-synuclein.Science advances · 2025Article
- Modeling biomolecular condensates across scales: Atomistic, coarse-grained, and data-driven approaches.Advances in physics: X · 2025Article
- Liquid Hopfield model: Retrieval and localization in multicomponent liquid mixtures.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Fundamental Aspects of Phase-Separated Biomolecular Condensates.Chemical reviews · 2024Review
- Reaction-Driven Diffusiophoresis of Liquid Condensates: Potential Mechanisms for Intracellular Organization.ACS nano · 2024Article
- Dynamical control enables the formation of demixed biomolecular condensates.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Phase Transitions of Associative Biomacromolecules.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- Theoretical and Data-Driven Approaches for Biomolecular Condensates.Chemical reviews · 2023Review
- A model for organization and regulation of nuclear condensates by gene activity.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Developments in describing equilibrium phase transitions of multivalent associative macromolecules.Current opinion in structural biology · 2023Review
- Open questions on liquid-liquid phase separation.Communications chemistry · 2023Article
- Crowding-induced phase separation and gelling by co-condensation of PEG in NPM1-rRNA condensates.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Optimization of non-equilibrium self-assembly protocols using Markov state models.The Journal of chemical physics · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Phase separation has emerged as an essential concept for the spatial organization inside biological cells. However, despite the clear relevance to virtually all physiological functions, we understand surprisingly little about what phases form in a system of many interacting components, like in cells. Here we introduce a numerical method based on physical relaxation dynamics to study the coexisting phases in such systems. We use our approach to optimize interactions between components, similar to how evolution might have optimized the interactions of proteins. These evolved interactions robustly lead to a defined number of phases, despite substantial uncertainties in the initial composition, while random or designed interactions perform much worse. Moreover, the optimized interactions are robust to perturbations, and they allow fast adaption to new target phase counts. We thus show that genetically encoded interactions of proteins provide versatile control of phase behavior. The phases forming in our system are also a concrete example of a robust emergent property that does not rely on fine-tuning the parameters of individual constituents.
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