ArticleJournal of general internal medicine2022
Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Body Mass Index Among Adults in the USA.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Food Insecurity in Peru: Measurement Properties of the FIES and Prevalence Estimates from the 2025 Household Survey.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Clarifying the Association Between Food Insecurity and Chronic Disease: Why Methods Matter.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Association of Federal and State Level Minimum Wage Legislations and Food Security.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Exploring the relationship between food insecurity, exercise addiction, and muscularity-oriented eating behavior: a moderated mediation analysis of muscle dysmorphia and resilience.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- [Gender inequality: implications for the relationship between food insecurity and obesity in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil].Cadernos de saude publica · 2026Article
- Food insecurity and cardiovascular disease risk factors among U.S. adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Food insecurity and hypertension prevalence, awareness, and control in the Eastern Caribbean Health Outcomes Research Network Study.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Diet quality in U.S. adults eating in senior and community centers: NHANES 2009-2018.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Long-term Metabolic Dysfunction Programming in Female Mice by Serial Moderate Restriction of a High-fat High-sucrose Diet.Endocrinology · 2024Article
- Food insecurity is associated with metabolic syndrome among US adults: NHANES 2005-2016.Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Food insecurity and health-related quality of life among a nationally representative sample of older adults: cross-sectional analysis.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Adolescent food insecurity in female rodents and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity.Physiology & behavior · 2024Article
- Neighborhood Unsafety, Discrimination, and Food Insecurity among Nigerians Aged 15-49.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIn the USA, nearly 40% of adults ≥ 20 years have a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30, and 11% of households are reported as food insecure. In adults, evidence shows women are more likely than men to be food insecure. Among adults with food insecurity, differences in BMI exist between men and women with women reporting higher BMI. Factors associated with this difference in BMI between genders are less understood.
objectiveThe aim of this study was to assess gender differences in the relationship between food insecurity and BMI.
designHierarchical models were analyzed using a general linear model by entering covariates sequentially in blocks (demographics, lifestyle behaviors, comorbidities, and dietary variables) and stratified by gender.
participantsThe sample included 25,567 adults in the USA from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-2014. MAIN MEASURES: The dependent variable was BMI, and food insecurity was the primary predictor. KEY
resultsApproximately 51% of the sample was women. Food insecure women were significantly more likely to have higher BMI compared to food secure women in the fully adjusted model after controlling for demographics (β = 1.79; 95% CI 1.17, 2.41); demographic and lifestyle factors (β = 1.79; 95% CI 1.19, 2.38); demographic, lifestyle, and comorbidities (β = 1.21; 95% CI 0.65, 1.77); and demographic, lifestyle, comorbidities, and dietary variables (β = 1.23; 95% CI 0.67, 1.79). There were no significant associations between food insecure and food secure men in the fully adjusted model variables (β = 0.36; 95% CI - 0.26, 0.98).
conclusionIn this sample of adults, food insecurity was significantly associated with higher BMI among women after adjusting for demographics, lifestyle factors, comorbidities, and dietary variables. This difference was not observed among men. More research is necessary to understand this relationship among women.
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