ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
COVID-19 Vaccination and the Rate of Immune and Autoimmune Adverse Events Following Immunization: Insights From a Narrative Literature Review.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Absence of autoantibodies linked to cancer and autoimmune disorders 26 weeks after BNT162b2 boosting in CoronaVac- primed individuals.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- HIV-1 viral load and reservoir size remain stable following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in people with HIV.HIV medicine · 2026Article
- Sex matters: mechanistic insights into sex-driven patterns of autoimmunity and implications for pharmacotherapy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Review
- Evans Syndrome and COVID-19 Infection or Vaccination: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.Journal of hematology · 2025Review
- What Is the Impact of the Novel Coronavirus and the Vaccination on Guillain-Barre Syndrome?Molecular neurobiology · 2024Review
- ASIA Syndrome: State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2024Review
- A case of IgG4-related ophthalmic disease after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: case report and literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Does Not Exacerbate Symptoms or Trigger Neural Antibody Responses in Multiple Sclerosis.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2023Observational
- Single cell characteristics of patients with vaccine-related adverse reactions following inactivated COVID-19 vaccination.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants (ASIA): past, present, and future implications.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2023Review
- IgG4 Antibodies Induced by Repeated Vaccination May Generate Immune Tolerance to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Vaccines and Autoimmunity-From Side Effects to ASIA Syndrome.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Immune Response and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Adverse Effects of Spike Proteins from SARS-CoV-2 and mRNA Vaccines.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Nuclear Factor-κB is a Prime Candidate for the Diagnosis and Control of Inflammatory Cardiovascular Disease.European cardiology · 2023Review
- Autoimmune Diseases Affecting Hemostasis: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The mosaic of autoimmunity - Finally discussing in person. The 13Autoimmunity reviews · 2022Article
- Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Vaccines · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox: what is common and what is not in a present pandemic versus a potential one-a neuropsychiatric narrative review.The Egyptian journal of neurology, psychiatry and neurosurgery · 2022Review
- Bilateral Optic Neuritis and Hypophysitis With Diabetes Insipidus 1 Month After COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine: Case Report and Literature Review.Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reportsReview
- Perceptions of acceptance and reluctance to COVID-19 vaccination in Peru.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publicaArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite their proven efficacy and huge contribution to the health of humankind, vaccines continue to be a source of concern for some individuals around the world. Vaccinations against COVID-19 increased the number of distressed people and intensified their distrust, particularly as the pandemic was still emerging and the populations were encouraged to be vaccinated under various slogans like "back to normal life" and "stop coronavirus", goals which are still to be achieved. As fear of vaccination-related adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) is the main reason for vaccine hesitancy, we reviewed immune and autoimmune AEFIs in particular, though very rare, as the most worrisome aspect of the vaccines. Among others, autoimmune AEFIs of the most commonly administered COVID-19 vaccines include neurological ones such as Guillain-Barre syndrome, transverse myelitis, and Bell's palsy, as well as myocarditis. In addition, the newly introduced notion related to COVID-19 vaccines, "vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia/vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia" (VITT/VIPITT)", is of importance as well. Overviewing recent medical literature while focusing on the major immune and autoimmune AEFIs, demonstrating their rate of occurrence, presenting the cases reported, and their link to the specific type of COVID-19 vaccines represented the main aim of our work. In this narrative review, we illustrate the different vaccine types in current use, their associated immune and autoimmune AEFIs, with a focus on the 3 main COVID-19 vaccines (BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1). While the rate of AEFIs is extremely low, addressing the issue in this manner, in our opinion, is the best strategy for coping with vaccine hesitancy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.