ArticleBMC cancer2022
A prospective cohort study on the association between waterpipe tobacco smoking and gastric cancer mortality in Northern Vietnam.
Article in BMC cancer, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gastroesophageal disease risk and inhalational exposure a systematic review and meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Waterpipe smoking and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Green Tea Consumption and Risk of All-Cause Mortality: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Probiotics and Diet Modifications: A Holistic Approach to Tackling Helicobacter pylori with the Help of the Gut Microbiota.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- A prospective cohort study produces inconclusive results in linking dietary calcium intake to overall and specific causes of mortality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrating Salivary Biomarkers CST4 andClinical Medicine Insights. Oncology · 2025Article
- Article
- Factors Affecting Cancer Mortality in Young Adults: Findings from a Prospective Cohort Study.Cancers · 2024Article
- Updated Epidemiology of Gastric Cancer in Asia: Decreased Incidence but Still a Big Challenge.Cancers · 2023Review
- Novel hazards of waterpipe tobacco and the benefits of stop smoking in men, a prospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Observational
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tobacco consumption, as a worldwide problem, is a risk factor for several types of cancer. In Vietnam, tobacco consumption in the form of waterpipe tobacco smoking is common. This prospective cohort study aimed to study the association between waterpipe tobacco smoking and gastric cancer mortality in Northern Vietnam. A total of 25,619 eligible participants were followed up between 2008 and 2019. Waterpipe tobacco and cigarette smoking data were collected; semi-quantitative food frequency and lifestyle questionnaires were also utilized. Gastric cancer mortality was determined via medical records available at the state health facilities. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). During 314,992.8 person-years of follow-up, 55 men and 25 women deaths due to gastric cancer were identified. With never-smokers as the reference, the risk of gastric cancer mortality was significantly increased in participants who were ever-smoking (HR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.35-4.36). The positive risk was also observed in men but was not significantly increased in women. By types of tobacco use, exclusive waterpipe smokers showed a significantly increased risk of gastric cancer mortality (HR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.67-6.21) but that was not significantly increased in exclusive cigarette smokers (HR = 1.90, 95% CI = 0.88-4.07). There was a significant positive association between tobacco smoking and gastric cancer death for indicators of longer smoking duration, higher frequency per day, and cumulative frequency of both waterpipe and cigarette smoking. Waterpipe tobacco smoking would significantly increase the risk of gastric cancer mortality in the Vietnamese population. Further studies are required to understand the waterpipe tobacco smoking-driven gastric cancer burden and promote necessary interventions.
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