ArticleInfection and immunity2022
Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid Inhibits Clostridioides difficile Toxin-Induced Apoptosis.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- The gut microbiota and host immunity synergistically orchestrate colonization resistance.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- The functions of gut microbiota-mediated bile acid metabolism in intestinal immunity.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Dietary iron attenuatesVirulence · 2025Article
- Effects of Bile on PathogenicBiomolecules · 2025Article
- Unravelling three-way interactions betweenJournal of medical microbiology · 2025Review
- Article
- Interplay between Bile Acids and Intestinal Microbiota: Regulatory Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential for Infections.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Deoxycholic acid inducing chronic atrophic gastritis with colonic mucosal lesion correlated to mucosal immune dysfunction in rats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The microbial-derived bile acid lithocholate and its epimers inhibitJournal of bacteriology · 2023Article
- The microbial derived bile acid lithocholate and its epimers inhibitbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Intestinal bile acids provide a surmountable barrier againstProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Diagnosis by Microbial Culture, Breath Tests and Urinary Excretion Tests, and Treatments of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
C. difficile infection (CDI) is a highly inflammatory disease mediated by the production of two large toxins that weaken the intestinal epithelium and cause extensive colonic tissue damage. Antibiotic alternative therapies for CDI are urgently needed as current antibiotic regimens prolong the perturbation of the microbiota and lead to high disease recurrence rates. Inflammation is more closely correlated with CDI severity than bacterial burden, thus therapies that target the host response represent a promising yet unexplored strategy for treating CDI. Intestinal bile acids are key regulators of gut physiology that exert cytoprotective roles in cellular stress, inflammation, and barrier integrity, yet the dynamics between bile acids and host cellular processes during CDI have not been investigated. Here we show that several bile acids are protective against apoptosis caused by C. difficile toxins in Caco-2 cells and that protection is dependent on conjugation of bile acids. Out of 20 tested bile acids, taurine conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) was the most potent inhibitor, yet unconjugated UDCA did not alter toxin-induced apoptosis. TUDCA treatment decreased expression of genes in lysosome associated and cytokine signaling pathways. TUDCA did not affect C. difficile growth or toxin activity
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.