ArticlePloS one2022
Risk factors for dementia in the context of cardiovascular disease: A protocol of an overview of reviews.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenetic Insights into Vascular Cognitive Impairment: DNA Methylation in the Human Brain Tissue.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Identifying Likely Incidents of Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury and Elevated Risk of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia: Health Care Cost Institute Data.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2025Article
- Mitochondrial Dysfunction as a Potential Mechanism Mediating Cardiac Comorbidities in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Association between cardiovascular diseases and dementia among various age groups: a population-based cohort study in older adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Cardiovascular disease, associated risk factors, and risk of dementia: An umbrella review of meta-analyses.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2023Review
- What's New in Dementia Risk Prediction Modelling? An Updated Systematic Review.Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders extraReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDementia is a major public health priority. Although there is abundant evidence of an association between dementia and poor cardiovascular health, findings have been inconsistent and uncertain in identifying which factors increase dementia risk in those with cardiovascular disease. Indeed, multiple variables including sociodemographic, economic, health, lifestyle and education may indicate who is at higher vs. lower dementia risk and could be used in prediction modelling. Therefore, the aim of this review is to synthesise evidence on the key risk factors for dementia in those with a history of cardiovascular disease.
methodsThis is an overview of reviews protocol, registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021265363). Four electronic databases including MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be searched. Studies will be included if they are systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses that have investigated the risk of incident dementia (all-cause and subtypes including Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia) in people with a history of coronary heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, and vascular stiffness. Study selection will be completed by two independent researchers according to the eligibility criteria, and conflicts resolved by a third reviewer. References will be exported into Covidence for title and abstract sifting, full-text review, and data extraction. Methodological quality will be assessed using the AMSTAR-2 criteria and confidence of evidence will be assessed using the GRADE classification. This overview of reviews will follow PRISMA guidelines. If there is sufficient homogeneity in the data, the results will be pooled, and a meta-analysis conducted to determine the strength of association between each risk factor and incident all-cause dementia and its subtypes for each cardiovascular diagnoses separately. DISCUSSION: We will create a comprehensive summary of the key risk factors linking cardiovascular diseases to risk of incident dementia. This knowledge is essential for informing risk predictive model development as well as the development of risk reduction and prevention strategies.
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