ArticlePloS one2022
High prevalence of p16 staining in malignant tumors.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of heterozygous and homozygous 9p21 deletions in human cancer: a tissue microarray study on 4,999 tumors from 125 different tumor types.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Clinical Implications of p16 Evaluation in a Purposively Sampled Cohort of High-Risk Breast Cancer Phenotypes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Dysregulated expression of the tumor suppressor p14ARF in cancer provides an effective target for TCR-T cell therapeutics.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- HPV-positive cancers at uncommon sites: a narrative review.Oncology reviews · 2026Review
- Review
- Clinicopathological features and reclassification of penile squamous cell carcinoma according to WHO classification 2022 for penile carcinoma with p16 immunohistochemical expression and its prognostic impact.Diagnostic pathology · 2025Article
- Peri-renal metastasis of cervical neuroendocrine carcinoma: a case report and literature review.Journal of surgical case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Cervical Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Presenting as Isolated Large Ovarian Metastasis: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Impact of Short-Term Exposure to Non-Functionalized Polystyrene Nanoparticles on DNA Methylation and Gene Expression in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Study of Expression of P16 in Premalignant and Malignant Lesions of Penis and Their Significance.Iranian journal of pathology · 2024Article
- The Pathology according to p53 Pathway.Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology · 2024Review
- Expression of p53, p63, p16, Ki67, Cyclin D, Bcl-2, and CD31 Markers in Actinic Keratosis, In Situ Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Normal Sun-Exposed Skin of Elderly Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Prognostic Value of Mandard's Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) in Post Chemo-Radiotherapy Cervical Cancer.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Prevalence of P16 Immunohistochemistry Positive Staining and Its Correlation to Clinical and Radiological Staging of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Cervix.Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology of India · 2023Article
- Differences and Similarities between Colorectal Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells: Molecular Insights and Implications.ACS omega · 2023Article
- The Potential Association between E2F2, MDM2 and p16 Protein Concentration and Selected Sociodemographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
30 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
p16 (CDKN2A) is a member of the INK4 class of cell cycle inhibitors, which is often dysregulated in cancer. However, the prevalence of p16 expression in different cancer types is controversial. 15,783 samples from 124 different tumor types and 76 different normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. p16 was detectable in 5,292 (45.0%) of 11,759 interpretable tumors. Except from adenohypophysis in islets of Langerhans, p16 staining was largely absent in normal tissues. In cancer, highest positivity rates were observed in uterine cervix squamous cell carcinomas (94.4%), non-invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma, pTaG2 (100%), Merkel cell carcinoma (97.7%), and small cell carcinomas of various sites of origin (54.5%-100%). All 124 tumor categories showed at least occasional p16 immunostaining. Comparison with clinico-pathological data in 128 vulvar, 149 endometrial, 295 serous ovarian, 396 pancreatic, 1365 colorectal, 284 gastric, and 1245 urinary bladder cancers, 910 breast carcinomas, 620 clear cell renal cell carcinomas, and 414 testicular germ cell tumors revealed only few statistically significant associations. Comparison of human papilloma virus (HPV) status and p16 in 497 squamous cell carcinomas of different organs revealed HPV in 80.4% of p16 positive and in 20.6% of p16 negative cancers (p<0.0001). It is concluded, that a positive and especially strong p16 immunostaining is a feature for malignancy which may be diagnostically useful in lipomatous, urothelial and possibly other tumors. The imperfect association between p16 immunostaining and HPV infection with high variability between different sites of origin challenges the use of p16 immunohistochemistry as a surrogate for HPV positivity, except in tumors of cervix uteri and the penis.
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