ArticleCirculation2022
Racial and Ethnic Differences in All-Cause and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality: The MESA Study.
Article in Circulation, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
100 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 123 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genetic ancestry and risk of atrial fibrillation in individuals of Black ethnicity in the UK Biobank.Open heart · 2026Pooled it
- Enhancing Patient Outcome Prediction Through Deep Learning With Sequential Diagnosis Codes From Structured Electronic Health Record Data: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Pooled it
- Race and Ethnicity Disparities in Cardiovascular and Cancer Mortality: the Role of Socioeconomic Status-a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Pooled it
- Systematic Review Examining the Reporting of Race and Ethnicity in Sport-Related Concussion Studies.Journal of athletic training · 2024Pooled it
- The influence of burnout on cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Pooled it
- The Role of Social Determinants of Health in Cardiovascular Diseases: An Umbrella Review.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Pooled it
- Cause of death in fibrotic and nonfibrotic interstitial lung abnormalities: the MESA study.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2026Article
- Unwanted effects, self-management strategies, and consequences of unwanted effects of methamphetamine use.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
- Trends and disparities in ischemic heart disease and cardiogenic shock mortality in the United States: A 25-year national analysis (1999-2024).American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Article
- Article
- Association of Changes in Intrinsic Capacity With Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study.Neurology · 2026Article
- Wellens' Sign and Syndrome Detected With the Home Use of a Novel 12-Lead Electrocardiogram.JACC. Case reports · 2026Article
- Neighborhood-Level Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation and Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Associations of excessive sleepiness with sleep apnea physiological endo-phenotypes: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2026Article
- Attending an Historically Black College or University and all-cause mortality in US Black adults.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Association of Subclinical Cardiac Remodeling With Incident Cancer in the MESA Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- Trends and disparities for co-existent pancreatic cancer and cardiovascular-related deaths: a retrospective 1999-2020 analysis of CDC WONDER data.Cardio-oncology (London, England) · 2026Article
- Impact of PREVENT Cardiovascular Risk Equations on Statin Eligibility by Subgroup and Risk Thresholds: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Pathophysiological Risk Factors Preceding Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Subtypes: A Pooled Cohort Study in the United States.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Restricted Versus Genome-Wide Genetic Risk Scores for Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundDespite improvements in population health, marked racial and ethnic disparities in longevity and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality persist. This study aimed to describe risks for all-cause and CVD mortality by race and ethnicity, before and after accounting for socioeconomic status (SES) and other factors, in the MESA study (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis).
methodsMESA recruited 6814 US adults, 45 to 84 years of age, free of clinical CVD at baseline, including Black, White, Hispanic, and Chinese individuals (2000-2002). Using Cox proportional hazards modeling with time-updated covariates, we evaluated the association of self-reported race and ethnicity with all-cause and adjudicated CVD mortality, with progressive adjustments for age and sex, SES (neighborhood SES, income, education, and health insurance), lifestyle and psychosocial risk factors, clinical risk factors, and immigration history.
resultsDuring a median of 15.8 years of follow-up, 22.8% of participants (n=1552) died, of which 5.3% (n=364) died of CVD. After adjusting for age and sex, Black participants had a 34% higher mortality hazard (hazard ratio [HR], 1.34 [95% CI, 1.19-1.51]), Chinese participants had a 21% lower mortality hazard (HR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.66-0.95]), and there was no mortality difference in Hispanic participants (HR, 0.99 [95% CI, 0.86-1.14]) compared with White participants. After adjusting for SES, the mortality HR for Black participants compared with White participants was reduced (HR, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.34]) but still statistically significant. With adjustment for SES, the mortality hazards for Chinese and Hispanic participants also decreased in comparison with White participants. After further adjustment for additional risk factors and immigration history, Hispanic participants (HR, 0.77 [95% CI, 0.63-0.94]) had a lower mortality risk than White participants, and hazard ratios for Black participants (HR, 1.08 [95% CI, 0.92-1.26]) and Chinese participants (HR, 0.81 [95% CI, 0.60-1.08]) were not significantly different from those of White participants. Similar trends were seen for CVD mortality, although the age- and sex-adjusted HR for CVD mortality for Black participants compared with White participants was greater than all-cause mortality (HR, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.34-2.21] compared with HR, 1.34 [95% CI, 1.19-1.51]).
conclusionsThese results highlight persistent racial and ethnic differences in overall and CVD mortality, largely attributable to social determinants of health, and support the need to identify and act on systemic factors that shape differences in health across racial and ethnic groups.
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