Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35861760›Full record

ArticleStroke2022

Individual and Joint Effects of Influenza-Like Illness and Vaccinations on Stroke in the Young: A Case-Control Study.

Brandi L Vollmer, Julia Solowey, Xing Chen, Bernard P Chang, Olajide Williams, Erin R Kulick, Mitchell S V Elkind, Amelia K Boehme

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Stroke, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Stroke from Infection.Cerebrovascular diseases extra · 2025
    Review
  6. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Brandi L VollmerDepartment of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (B.L.V., J.S., O.W., M.S.V.E., A.K.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-0593-9012
Julia SoloweyDepartment of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (B.L.V., J.S., O.W., M.S.V.E., A.K.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-7576-6604
Xing ChenDepartment of Biostatistics (X.C.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York.
Bernard P ChangDepartment of Emergency Medicine (B.P.C.), Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York.ORCID 0000-0001-8800-7140
Olajide WilliamsDepartment of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (B.L.V., J.S., O.W., M.S.V.E., A.K.B.).ORCID 0000-0002-0210-0078
Erin R KulickDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Temple University College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (E.R.K.).ORCID 0000-0001-8650-5357
Mitchell S V ElkindDepartment of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (B.L.V., J.S., O.W., M.S.V.E., A.K.B.).ORCID 0000-0003-2562-1156
Amelia K BoehmeDepartment of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York City (B.L.V., J.S., O.W., M.S.V.E., A.K.B.).ORCID 0000-0001-7408-1075
Columbia University Irving Medical Center · USColumbia University · USTemple University · US

Funding

Racial Disparities, Influenza Like Illness and the Association between Short-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Cardiovascular OutcomesR21MD012451 · NIMHD · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI BOEHME, AMELIA K · 2017 to 2018
$440k
NIMHD NIH HHS R21 MD012451NINDS NIH HHS L30 NS093600
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundInfluenza-like illness (ILI) is an acute trigger for stroke, although joint effects of vaccinations and ILI have not yet been explored.

methodsData for our case-control study was obtained from MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters between 2008 and 2014. Patients 18 to 65 years old who experienced a stroke were matched on age and admission date to a control, defined as patients with head trauma or ankle sprain at an inpatient or emergency department visit. Exposures were ILI in the prior 30 days, and any type of vaccination during the year prior. Our outcome was ischemic and intracerebral hemorrhagic strokes identified using

resultsWe identified and matched 24 103 cases 18 to 44 years old and 141 811 45 to 65 years old. Those aged 18 to 44 years had increased stroke risk 30 days after ILI (aOR, 1.68 [95% CI, 1.51-1.86]) and reduced risk with any vaccination in the year prior (aOR, 0.92 [95% CI, 0.87-0.99]). Joint effects indicate that ILI was associated with increased stroke risk among those with (aOR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.08-1.85]) and without (aOR, 1.73 [95% CI, 1.55-1.94]) vaccinations in the prior year (

conclusionsILI was associated with increased stroke risk in the young and middle-aged, while vaccinations of any type were associated with decreased risk among the young. Joint effects of ILI and vaccinations indicate vaccinations can reduce the effect of ILI on stroke.

Indexed as

Influenza, HumanStrokeAdolescentAdultAgedCase-Control StudiesHumansMiddle AgedOdds RatioVaccinationYoung Adultadolescentinfluenzainpatientodds ratiovaccinations

Identifiers

PMID35861760
PMCPMC9329193
OpenAlexW4285031950

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.