ArticleJournal of primary care & community health
Clustering of Social Determinants of Health Among Patients.
Article in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Randomized Trial to Address Food Insecurity and Promote Smoking Cessation Among Low-Income Adults.Journal of primary care & community healthTrial
- Vidas en Contexto: Unpacking Social Determinants of Health and Related Health Outcomes among Puerto Ricans through a Person-Centered Approach.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Polypharmacy burden and incident epilepsy among older adults in the United States.Epilepsia open · 2026Article
- Incorporating polygenic risk scores and social determinants of health across populations: Considerations and best practices in research.American journal of human genetics · 2026Review
- From exposure to embedding: how interconnected social determinants drive health inequalities-a complex adaptive system dynamics approach.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Energy Insecurity and Mental Health Symptoms in US Adults.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Social determinant of health patterns and mortality outcomes in US adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Longitudinal associations between social determinants of health and well-being among women living with HIV in Canada: A latent class analysis.HIV medicine · 2025Article
- Article
- Clusters of Health-Related Social Needs Among Adult Primary Care Patients.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFM · 2025Article
- Article
- Finances and employment domains are strong determinants when screening for unmet social needs in a predoctoral dental clinic: A preliminary assessment.Journal of dental education · 2025Article
- What Is Social Connection in the Context of Human Need: An Interdisciplinary Literature Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Review
- Exploring the invisible threads: Social determinants of health and emotional self-perception in Colombia.The International journal of social psychiatry · 2025Article
- Conceptual framework for preterm birth review in San Francisco.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Mortality by County-Level Social Vulnerability Index in the United States.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2023Article
- Prevalence of multimorbidity combinations and their association with medical costs and poor health: A population-based study of U.S. adults.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- Stability of Patient Social Determinants of Health With a Focus on Food Insecurity.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION/
objectivesMany health systems screen patients for social determinants of health and refer patients with social needs to community organizations for assistance. Understanding how social determinants cluster together may help guide assistance programs.
methodsThis study examined patients screened by The MetroHealth System in Cleveland, Ohio for 9 social determinants, including food insecurity, financial strain, transportation limitations, inability to pay for housing or utilities, intimate partner violence, social isolation, infrequent physical activity, daily stress, and lack of internet access. Clustering analyses were performed to determine which combination of social determinants occurred together more often than would be expected if each determinant were independent of each other.
resultsAmong 23 161 screened patients, there were 19 dyads, 13 triads, and one tetrad of social determinants that clustered together. The most prevalent triad of food insecurity, social isolation, and inability to pay for housing or utilities occurred among 1095 patients but would be expected to occur among 284 patients, for an observed/expected ratio of 3.85 (95% confidence interval 3.64-4.07). In multivariate analyses, younger, Black, and lower income patients were 2 to 3 times more likely to have this triad compared to older, White, and wealthier patients.
conclusionsSocial determinants of health frequently cluster together, and such clustering is associated with patient demographic characteristics. Further work is needed to determine how social determinant clusters impact health and cost outcomes and to develop programs that can address multiple co-existing social needs.
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