ArticleJournal of medical virology2022
Single-cell transcriptomic atlas reveals distinct immunological responses between COVID-19 vaccine and natural SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Single-cell mapping of peripheral immune dynamics in pregnant women after Moderna mRNA COVID-19 vaccination.Genes and immunity · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomics reveals pediatric immune responses to COVID-19 vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- A large-scale single-cell transcriptomic atlas indicates the immune panorama of influenza A infection.iMeta · 2026Article
- Review
- COVID-19 Infection vs Vaccination and the Risk of New-onset Psoriasis.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2026Article
- B-cell DNA methylation signature in response to hepatitis B virus vaccination in females and males.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CD8⁺ T cell heterogeneity in aging: insights from single-cell profiling.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- A Large-Scale Single-Cell Atlas Reveals the Peripheral Immune Panorama of Bacterial Pneumonia.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025Article
- T-cell exhaustion and antibody response in SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2025Article
- Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of the Immune Response to COVID-19 and Tuberculosis Coinfection.Exploration (Beijing, China) · 2025Article
- Single-cell profiling reveals immunoregulation of artemisinin on CD8Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of humoral and cellular immunity in SARS-CoV-2 exposed families.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Single-Cell RNA Sequencing of Baseline Immune Profiles After Third Vaccination Associated with Subsequent SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Naïve Individuals.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Clinical outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 and active tuberculosis co-infection in Beijing China: A retrospective single-center descriptive study.Infectious medicine · 2025Article
- Profile of Humoral Immunity and B Cell Pool in Infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Prototype Strain and AZD1222 (ChAdOx nCoV-19) Vaccination.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Associations between inactivated COVID-19 vaccination status and timing and fertility and pregnancy outcomes following frozen-thawed embryo transfer: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
- Single cell and TCR analysis of immune cells from AAV gene therapy-dosed Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2024Article
- The characteristics of TCR CDR3 repertoire in COVID-19 patients and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine recipients.Virulence · 2024Review
- SARS-CoV-2 variants induce increased inflammatory gene expression but reduced interferon responses and heme synthesis as compared with wild type strains.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Single-cell transcriptome atlas revealed bronchoalveolar immune features related to disease severity in pediatricMedComm · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To control the ongoing coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, CoronaVac (Sinovac), an inactivated vaccine, has been granted emergency use authorization by many countries. However, the underlying mechanisms of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine-induced immune response remain unclear, and little is known about its features compared to (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we implemented single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile longitudinally collected PBMCs (peripheral blood mononuclear cells) in six individuals immunized with CoronaVac and compared these to the profiles of COVID-19 infected patients from a Single Cell Consortium. Both inactivated vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection altered the proportion of different immune cell types, caused B cell activation and differentiation, and induced the expression of genes associated with antibody production in the plasma. The inactivated vaccine and SARS-COV-2 infection also caused alterations in peripheral immune activity such as interferon response, inflammatory cytokine expression, innate immune cell apoptosis and migration, effector T cell exhaustion and cytotoxicity, however, the magnitude of change was greater in COVID-19 patients, especially those with severe disease, than in immunized individuals. Further analyses revealed a distinct peripheral immune cell phenotype associated with CoronaVac immunization (HLA class II upregulation and IL21R upregulation in naïve B cells) versus SARS-CoV-2 infection (HLA class II downregulation and IL21R downregulation in naïve B cells from severe disease individuals). There were also differences in the expression of important genes associated with proinflammatory cytokines and thrombosis. In conclusion, this study provides a single-cell atlas of the systemic immune response to CoronaVac immunization and revealed distinct immune responses between inactivated vaccines and SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.