Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35859091›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2022

Locomotion of an untethered, worm-inspired soft robot driven by a shape-memory alloy skeleton.

Lin Xu, Robert J Wagner, Siyuan Liu, Qingrui He, Tao Li, Wenlong Pan, Yu Feng, Huanhuan Feng, Qingguang Meng, Xiang Zou and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Thermally Actuated Soft Robotics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Soft, Modular Power for Composing Robots with Embodied Energy.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Numerical Study of Metachronal Wave-Modulated Locomotion in Magnetic Cilia Carpets.Advanced intelligent systems (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Lin Xu *Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Robert J Wagner *Department of Mechanical Engineering & Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, 80309-0428, USA.
Siyuan Liu *Institute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Qingrui HeInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Tao LiInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Wenlong PanInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Yu FengInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Huanhuan FengInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Qingguang MengInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Xiang ZouInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Yu FuInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China.
Xingling ShiSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212003, People's Republic of China.
Dongliang ZhaoSchool of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
Jianning DingInstitute of Intelligent Flexible Mechatronics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China. dingjn@ujs.edu.cn.
Franck J VernereyDepartment of Mechanical Engineering & Material Science and Engineering Program, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, 80309-0428, USA. franck.vernerey@colorado.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Soft, worm-like robots show promise in complex and constrained environments due to their robust, yet simple movement patterns. Although many such robots have been developed, they either rely on tethered power supplies and complex designs or cannot move external loads. To address these issues, we here introduce a novel, maggot-inspired, magnetically driven "mag-bot" that utilizes shape memory alloy-induced, thermoresponsive actuation and surface pattern-induced anisotropic friction to achieve locomotion inspired by fly larvae. This simple, untethered design can carry cargo that weighs up to three times its own weight with only a 17% reduction in speed over unloaded conditions thereby demonstrating, for the first time, how soft, untethered robots may be used to carry loads in controlled environments. Given their small scale and low cost, we expect that these mag-bots may be used in remote, confined spaces for small objects handling or as components in more complex designs.

Indexed as

RoboticsFrictionLocomotionShape Memory AlloysSkeletonShape Memory Alloys

Identifiers

PMID35859091
PMCPMC9300706

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.