ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022
No reason to expect large and consistent effects of nudge interventions.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness of social norms messaging approaches for improving health behaviours in developed countries.Nature human behaviour · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of relational agents for loneliness across age groups: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2024Pooled it
- Consumer understanding of climate targets is low and hard to improve: evidence from three online studies.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- How Time Pressure Amplifies Framing Effects in Risky Decision-Making: The Role of Attentional Allocation and Information Presentation.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Enhancing climate resilience with proximal cues in personalized climate disaster preparedness messaging.Nature human behaviour · 2026Article
- Probabilistic functionalism as a limiting condition for robustness.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Behavioural public policy should take the psychology of poverty into account.Communications psychology · 2025Review
- The Effectiveness of Nudging and Its Ethical Implications.Bioethics · 2025Article
- Using an algorithmic approach to shape human decision-making through attraction to patterns.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Computational analysis of 100 K choice dilemmas: Decision attributes, trade-off structures, and model-based prediction.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- How Can Debiasing Research Aid Efforts to Reduce Discrimination?Personality and social psychology review : an official journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc · 2025Review
- The piranha problem: Large effects swimming in a small pond.Notices of the American Mathematical Society. American Mathematical Society · 2025Article
- More sustainable choices in the workplace: a systematic review of nudge theory applications.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Review
- Article
- The more the better? Synergies of prosocial interventions and effects on behavioural spillovers.Journal of environmental economics and management · 2024Article
- Facebook increases political knowledge, reduces well-being and informational treatments do little to help.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Framing the Default.Experimental psychology · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of workplace choice architecture modification for healthy eating and daily physical activity.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Exploring open science practices in behavioural public policy research.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.