Trial reportSchizophrenia bulletin2022
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) in Schizophrenia Resistant to Clozapine: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial Targeting Negative Symptoms.
Trial report in Schizophrenia bulletin, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07759895 (Combination Therapy of Deferiprone and N-Acetylcysteine for Treating Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combination Therapy of Deferiprone and N-Acetylcysteine for Treating Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing the prevalence of cognitive impairment among Australians with schizophrenia: A systematic review.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Review
- Clinical outcomes of mitochondrial-enhancing nutraceutical supplementation in psychiatric disorders: A systematic review.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Glutathione deficiency in the early postnatal developmental period as a neurodevelopmental animal model of schizophrenia.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Receiving Clozapine-Based Therapy in South Kalimantan, Indonesia.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Add-On Pharmacotherapy in Schizophrenia: Does It Improve Long-Term Outcomes? A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Following the Action of Atypical Antipsychotic Clozapine and Possible Prediction of Treatment Response in Schizophrenia.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Glutamate-Based Therapeutic Strategies for Schizophrenia: Emerging Approaches Beyond Dopamine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Pharmacological Interventions for Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review of Randomised Control Trials.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Pharmacological Treatments of Negative Symptoms in Schizophrenia-An Update.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Investigating the Impacts of Diet, Supplementation, Microbiota, Gut-Brain Axis on Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Variations to plasma HSchizophrenia (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Antioxidants in neuropsychiatric disorder prevention: neuroprotection, synaptic regulation, microglia modulation, and neurotrophic effects.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Add-on Sodium Benzoate andSchizophrenia bulletin open · 2024Article
- Article
- Verbal and visual learning ability in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A 1-year follow-up study.Schizophrenia research. Cognition · 2023Article
- Potential Role of Glutathione Antioxidant Pathways in the Pathophysiology and Adjunct Treatment of Psychiatric Disorders.Clinics and practice · 2023Review
- Schizophrenia Synaptic Pathology and Antipsychotic Treatment in the Framework of Oxidative and Mitochondrial Dysfunction: Translational Highlights for the Clinics and Treatment.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
background and hypothesisClozapine is the most effective antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, yet a significant proportion of individuals on clozapine continue to experience disabling symptoms, despite being treated with an adequate dose. There is a need for adjunct treatments to augment clozapine, notably for negative and cognitive symptoms. One such potential agent is the glutathione precursor N-acetylcysteine (NAC). STUDY
designA randomized double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled trial for clozapine patients with enduring psychotic symptoms (n = 84) was undertaken to investigate the efficacy of adjunctive NAC (2 g daily) for negative symptoms, cognition and quality of life (QoL). Efficacy was assessed at 8, 24, and 52 weeks. STUDY
resultsNAC did not significantly improve negative symptoms (P = .62), overall cognition (P = .71) or quality of life (Manchester quality of life: P = .11; Assessment of quality of life: P = .57) at any time point over a 1-year period of treatment. There were no differences in reported side effects between the groups (P = .26).
conclusionsNAC did not significantly improve schizophrenia symptoms, cognition, or quality of life in treatment-resistant patients taking clozapine. This trial was registered with "Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials" on the 30 May, 2016 (Registration Number: ACTRN12615001273572).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.