Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35856136›Full record

ArticleDrugs - real world outcomes2022

Associations of Cardiovascular Agents and Metformin with Depression Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from the HUNT Study, Norway.

Ivana Bojanić, Ottar Bjerkeset, Lana J Williams, Michael Berk, Erik R Sund, Hege Sletvold

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drugs - real world outcomes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Ivana BojanićFaculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, PB 93, 7601, Levanger, Norway. ivana.bojanic@nord.no.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2609-7536
Ottar BjerkesetFaculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, PB 93, 7601, Levanger, Norway.
Lana J WilliamsIMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Michael BerkIMPACT, the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia.
Erik R SundFaculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, PB 93, 7601, Levanger, Norway.
Hege SletvoldFaculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, PB 93, 7601, Levanger, Norway.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology · NOBarwon Health · AUNord University · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCardiovascular agents, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor inhibitors, acetylsalicylic acid, statins, and metformin, have demonstrated benefits for depression. However, there is scant evaluation of these drugs' antidepressant properties in large population settings.

objectiveThis study aimed to examine cross-sectional associations between depression symptoms and the use of cardiovascular agents and metformin in populations with cardiovascular diseases or diabetes mellitus.

methodsParticipants in the Trøndelag Health Study 2006-08 (HUNT3, n = 40,516) and 2017-19 (HUNT4, n = 42,103) were included and data on their drug use from 2006 to 2019 was retrieved from the Norwegian Prescription Database. The outcome was self-reported depression symptoms defined by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Associations between cardiovascular agents or metformin use and self-reported depression were analyzed by multi-level logistic regression in sex-stratified samples.

resultsAmong men with cardiovascular diseases, use of acetylsalicylic acid was associated with reduced depression symptoms compared with acetylsalicylic acid non-users (reference) in HUNT3 and HUNT4 [risk ratio = 0.76; 95% confidence interval 0.59-0.94, risk ratio = 0.67; 95% CI 0.52-0.82, respectively]. Similarly, male statin users had a lower likelihood of reporting depression than statin non-users in HUNT3 (risk ratio = 0.70; 95% confidence interval 0.54-0.86) and HUNT4 (risk ratio = 0.67; 95% confidence interval 0.51-0.84). Associations between statins or acetylsalicylic acid use and reduced depression symptoms were detected in women with cardiovascular diseases in HUNT4. We found no statistical support for associations between other cardiovascular agents or metformin use and a reduced or increased depression symptom risk.

conclusionsResults suggest negative associations between acetylsalicylic acid or statin use and depression symptoms. However, longitudinal cohort studies and randomized controlled trials are required to confirm the antidepressant effects of these drugs.

Identifiers

PMID35856136
PMCPMC9392672
OpenAlexW4285727157

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.