ReviewCurrent opinion in environmental science & health2022
Vertical outbreak of COVID-19 in high-rise buildings: The role of sewer stacks and prevention measures.
Review in Current opinion in environmental science & health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- An Intelligent Floor Drain System for Self-Powered Disinfection via Low-Velocity Wastewater Energy Harvesting.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2026Article
- Need for a Holistic Approach to Assessing Sustainable, Green, and Healthy Buildings.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Assessing vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in high-rise apartments via a joint epidemiologic and modeling investigation.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Moving forward with COVID-19: Future research prospects of wastewater-based epidemiology methodologies and applications.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2023Review
- Mechanisms, Techniques and Devices of Airborne Virus Detection: A Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
- Probable Evidence of Aerosol Transmission of SARS-COV-2 in a COVID-19 Outbreak of a High-Rise Building.Environmental health insights · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
COVID-19 outbreaks in high-rise buildings suggested the transmission route of fecal-aerosol-inhalation due to the involvement of viral aerosols in sewer stacks. The vertical transmission is likely due to the failure of water traps that allow viral aerosols to spread through sewer stacks. This process can be further facilitated by the chimney effect in vent stack, extract ventilation in bathrooms, or wind-induced air pressure fluctuations. To eliminate the risk of such vertical disease spread, the installation of protective devices is highly encouraged in high-rise buildings. Although the mechanism of vertical pathogen spread through drainage pipeline has been illustrated by tracer gas or microbial experiments and numerical modeling, more research is needed to support the update of regulatory and design standards for sewerage facilities.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.