Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35855771›Full record

ArticleMultimedia tools and applications2023

Natural language processing: state of the art, current trends and challenges.

Diksha Khurana, Aditya Koli, Kiran Khatter, Sukhdev Singh

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Multimedia tools and applications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
204citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
207.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

204 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,657 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Metaverse technology tree: a holistic view.Frontiers in artificial intelligence · 2025
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144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Diksha KhuranaDepartment of Computer Science, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, India.
Aditya KoliDepartment of Computer Science, Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, India.
Kiran KhatterDepartment of Computer Science, BML Munjal University, Gurgaon, India.ORCID 0000-0002-1000-6102
Sukhdev SinghDepartment of Statistics, Amity University Punjab, Mohali, India.
Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies · INBML Munjal University · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Natural language processing (NLP) has recently gained much attention for representing and analyzing human language computationally. It has spread its applications in various fields such as machine translation, email spam detection, information extraction, summarization, medical, and question answering etc. In this paper, we first distinguish four phases by discussing different levels of NLP and components of

Indexed as

Natural language generationNatural language processingNatural language understandingNLP applicationsNLP evaluation metrics

Identifiers

PMID35855771
PMCPMC9281254
OpenAlexW2747680751

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.