ArticleDrug testing and analysis2022
Hair analysis for beta-blockers and calcium-channel blockers by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as a tool for monitoring adherence to antihypertensive therapy.
Article in Drug testing and analysis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Analytical Methods for the Quantification of Drugs and Their Metabolites in Human Hair: A Systematic Review From 2010 to 2025.Drug testing and analysis · 2026Pooled it
- Measurement Tools and Utility of Hair Analysis for Screening Adherence to Antihypertensive Medication.Global heart · 2023Review
- Hair analysis for beta-blockers and calcium-channel blockers by using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry as a tool for monitoring adherence to antihypertensive therapy.Drug testing and analysis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Adherence to therapy is the key to a successful therapeutic intervention, especially in cardiovascular diseases in which a lack of adherence may have serious consequences in terms morbidity and/or mortality. In this context, hair analysis can be an excellent tool to monitor adherence to therapy. Indeed, drugs present in blood are incorporated into the hair matrix, where drugs and metabolites can stay unaltered for a long time protected from metabolism and degradation. In the present study, a simple, specific, and sensitive ultra-high performance liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method set up to determine in human hair seven beta-blockers (viz., metoprolol, sotalol, labetalol, atenolol, nebivolol, bisoprolol, and nadolol) and two calcium-channel blockers (lercanidipine and amlodipine), which are widely prescribed to treat medium-to-severe hypertensive conditions. The optimized method was successfully validated in terms of accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, matrix effect and extraction recovery. Moreover, the applicability of the method was evaluated by analyzing 34 real samples of hair obtained from patients under long-term therapy with calcium channel blockers and beta-blockers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.