ArticleScientific reports2022
Conditioned media of pancreatic cancer cells and pancreatic stellate cells induce myeloid-derived suppressor cells differentiation and lymphocytes suppression.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mistletoe extract in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer: Health-related quality of life in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (MISTRAL).Palliative medicine · 2026Trial
- A cell culture-based method for interrogating muscle to liver communication via secreted proteins.Methods in cell biology · 2026Article
- The pancreatic tumor microenvironment of treatment-naïve patients causes a functional shift in γδ T cells, impairing their anti-tumoral defense.Oncoimmunology · 2025Article
- Tumor-produced immune regulatory factors as a therapeutic target in cancer treatment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Pancreatic stellate cells in pancreatic cancer: as potential targets for future therapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- Mannose-functionalization of reconstituted high-density lipoprotein nanoparticles improves payload delivery and enhances M2-to-M1 phenotype reprogramming of RAW 264.7 macrophages polarized by B16-F10 melanoma cells.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
As pancreatic cancer cells (PCCs) and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) are the two major cell types that comprise the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer, we aimed to investigate the role of conditioned medium derived from PCCs and PSCs co-culture on the viability of lymphocytes. The conditioned medium (CM) collected from PCCs and/or PSCs was used to treat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to determine CM ability in reducing lymphocytes population. A proteomic analysis has been done on the CM to investigate the differentially expressed protein (DEP) expressed by two PCC lines established from different stages of tumor. Subsequently, we investigated if the reduction of lymphocytes was directly caused by CM or indirectly via CM-induced MDSCs. This was achieved by isolating lymphocyte subtypes and treating them with CM and CM-induced MDSCs. Both PCCs and PSCs were important in suppressing lymphocytes, and the PCCs derived from a metastatic tumor appeared to have a stronger suppressive effect than the PCCs derived from a primary tumor. According to the proteomic profiles of CM, 416 secreted proteins were detected, and 13 DEPs were identified between PANC10.05 and SW1990. However, CM was found unable to reduce lymphocytes viability through a direct pathway. In contrast, CM that contains proteins secreted by PCC and/or PSC appear immunogenic as they increase the viability of lymphocytes subtypes. Lymphocyte subtype treated with CM-induced MDSCs showed reduced viability in T helper 1 (Th1), T helper 2 (Th2), and T regulatory (Treg) cells, but not in CD8
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