ArticleEnvironmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)2022
Genetic sequencing detected the SARS-CoV-2 delta variant in wastewater a month prior to the first COVID-19 case in Ahmedabad (India).
Article in Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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12 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- SARS-CoV-2 wastewater genomic surveillance: approaches, challenges, and opportunities.Genome biology · 2026Review
- Identification of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors from marine actinomycetes through integrated phylogeny-based metabolomics with functional screening and bioinformatic analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Respiratory virus infection dynamics and genomic surveillance to detect seasonal influenza subtypes in wastewater: A longitudinal study in Bengaluru, India.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Tracking SARS-CoV-2 and its variants in wastewater in Tunisia.Journal of water and health · 2024Article
- Surveillance of influenza A and B viruses from community and hospital wastewater treatment plants.Environmental microbiology reports · 2024Article
- Monitoring of adaptive immune responses in healthcare workers who received a Coronavirus disease 2019 vaccine booster dose.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Article
- A 30-day follow-up study on the prevalence of SARS-COV-2 genetic markers in wastewater from the residence of COVID-19 patient and comparison with clinical positivity.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- Structural understanding of SARS-CoV-2 virus entry to host cells.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Review
- Spectrum of environmental surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 fragments: Questions, quests, and conquest.Current opinion in environmental science & health · 2022Review
- Surveillance and Molecular Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Non-Human Hosts in Gujarat, India.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Passive Samplers, an Important Tool for Continuous Monitoring of the COVID-19 Pandemic.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2022Review
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8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
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Abstract
Wastewater-based genomic surveillance can identify a huge majority of variants shed by the infected individuals within a population, which goes beyond genomic surveillance based on clinical samples (i.e., symptomatic patients only). We analyzed four samples to detect key mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome and track circulating variants in Ahmedabad during the first wave (Sep/Nov 2020) and before the second wave (in Feb 2021) of COVID-19 in India. The analysis identified a total of 34 mutations in the spike protein across samples categorized into 23 types. The spike protein mutations were linked to the VOC-21APR-02; B.1.617.2 lineage (Delta variant) with 57% frequency in wastewater samples of Feb 2021. The key spike protein mutations were T19R, L452R, T478K, D614G, & P681R and deletions at 22029 (6 bp), 28248 (6 bp), & 28271 (1 bp). Interestingly, these mutations were not seen in the samples from Sep/Nov 2020 but did appear before the massive second wave of COVID-19 cases, which in India started in early April 2021. In fact, genetic traces of the Delta variant were found in samples of early Feb 2021, more than a month before the first clinically confirmed case of this in March 2021 in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The present work describes the circulating of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Ahmedabad and confirms the consequential value of wastewater surveillance for the early detection of variants of concerns (VOCs). Such monitoring must be included as a major component of future health protection systems.
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