ArticleDemography2022
Long-Term Effects of Local-Area New Deal Work Relief in Childhood on Educational, Economic, and Health Outcomes Over the Life Course: Evidence From the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study.
Article in Demography, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early-life local labor market conditions and old-age male mortality: evidence from deindustrialization of New England textile sector.Journal of demographic economics · 2026Article
- Long-term Effects of Local Area New Deal Work Relief in Childhood on Late-Life Depression.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- Public health implications of the send-down movement: long-term effects on cognitive ability of rural older adults in China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- The IPUMS Multigenerational Longitudinal Panel: Progress and Prospects.Historical methods · 2025Article
- The Lifetime Impacts of the New Deal's Youth Employment Program.The quarterly journal of economics · 2024Article
- The long-term health effects of childhood exposure to social and economic policies: A scoping review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2024Article
- To promote healthy aging, focus on the environment.Nature aging · 2023Review
- Childhood exposure to birth registration laws and old-age mortality.Health economics · 2023Article
- Associations of local area level new deal employment in childhood with late life cognition: evidence from the census-linked health and retirement study.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2023Article
- Income Support Policy Packages and Birth Outcomes in U.S. States: An Ecological Analysis.Population research and policy review · 2023Article
- Social insurance programs and later-life mortality: Evidence from new deal relief spending.Journal of health economics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The economic characteristics of one's childhood neighborhood have been found to determine long-term well-being. Policies enacted during childhood may change neighborhood trajectories and thus impact long-term outcomes for children. We use individual-level data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study to examine the enduring consequences of childhood exposure to local-area New Deal emergency employment work-relief activity. Our outcomes include adolescent cognition, educational attainment, midlife income, health behaviors, late-life cognition, and mortality. We find that children (ages 0-3) living in neighborhoods with moderate work-relief activity in 1940 had higher adolescent IQ scores, had higher class rank, and were more likely to obtain at least a bachelor's degree. We find enduring benefits for midlife income and late-life cognition for males who grew up in areas with a moderate amount of work relief. We find mixed results for males who grew up in the most disadvantaged areas with the highest levels of work-relief activity. These children had similar educational outcomes as those in the most advantaged districts with the lowest work-relief activity but had higher adult smoking rates. Our findings provide some of the first evidence of the long-term consequences of New Deal policies on children's long-term life course outcomes.
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