ReviewNature reviews. Urology2022
Immune-based therapies in penile cancer.
Review in Nature reviews. Urology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neoadjuvant Treatment for Penile Cancer: A Systematic Review of Contemporary Evidence.Cancers · 2026Review
- Association of CCL21Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- The opportunities and barriers for developing tumour-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy for patients with advanced genitourinary cancers.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Decoding the Cellular Heterogeneity and Malignant Progression of Human Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Article
- B7-H3 (CD276) as Target for T Cell-Based Bispecific Antibody Therapy of Penile Cancer.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in genitourinary cancers: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- [Personalized systemic therapy of penile cancer: molecular targets and new therapeutic horizons].Urologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Comprehensive pan-cancer evaluation of NUP85 prognosis, immune infiltration response, and validation in prostate cancer.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Nanomedicines for the treatment of genitourinary neoplasms.Materials today. Bio · 2025Review
- Review
- PD-L1 and FOXP3 expression in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions of the anogenital region.Oncotarget · 2025Article
- New histological risk grading system for prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with penile cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Progressive T cell exhaustion and predominance of aging tissue associated macrophages with advancing disease stage in penile squamous cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- CircRNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Regulatory Role of circ_CDR1as in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma via the ceRNA Network.International journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- The role of immunotherapy in targeting tumor microenvironment in genitourinary cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Comparison of efficacy and prognosis between neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy in penile cancer patients with regional lymph node metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Case Report and Literature Review on Skin Toxicity Induced by PD-1 Inhibitor in a Penile Cancer with Massive Ulceration of Chemoradiotherapy-Resistant and Successful Treatment by Immunotherapy.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2025Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Penile cancer is a rare genitourinary malignancy that is associated with poor outcomes and severely limited therapeutic options that are generally non-curative when used to treat localized disease with high-risk features or advanced disease. To address the unmet need for treatment modalities with increased effectiveness, immune-based therapies such as immune-checkpoint blockade, human papilloma virus (HPV)-directed vaccines and adoptive T cell therapies have emerged as potential treatment options for advanced penile cancer. A diverse array of immune cells such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), tumour-associated macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells have been shown to infiltrate penile cancer tumours, with distinct immune landscapes being demonstrated in HPV-positive compared with HPV-negative tumours. Study results have also demonstrated the prognostic value of immune cells such as tumour-associated macrophages, immune markers such as programmed death ligand-1, and HPV-status in penile cancer. Taken together, these findings underscore the clinical relevance of the tumour immune microenvironment as a source of both prognostic indicators and potential therapeutic targets for immune-based therapies. Current evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of immune-based therapies is limited in penile cancer, but a number of clinical and preclinical studies are ongoing to evaluate these therapies in this disease based on promising results from studies in other malignancies, including other squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, an opportunity exists to combine immune-based therapies with existing lines of systemic therapy to offer the most benefit to patients with advanced penile cancer. Future work should focus on expansion of preclinical models for immune-based drug discovery.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.