Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35850111›Full record

ArticleOncology research and treatment2022

Awareness of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Vaccination amongst the General Population in Germany: Lack of Awareness and Need for Action.

Shachi Jenny Sharma, Volker H Schartinger, Nora Wuerdemann, Christine Langer, Kathrin Möllenhoff, Lisa Collin, Liam Sutton, David Riedl, Alexander Kreuter, Matt Lechner and 2 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Oncology research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Shachi Jenny SharmaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Volker H SchartingerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Nora WuerdemannDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Christine LangerDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
Kathrin MöllenhoffInstitute of Medical Statistics and Computational Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Lisa CollinRoyal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Liam SuttonRoyal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom.
David RiedlDepartment of Medical Psychology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
Alexander KreuterDepartment of Dermatology, Venereology, and Allergology, Helios St. Elisabeth Hospital Oberhausen, University Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
Matt LechnerUCL Cancer Institute, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
Ulrike WielandInstitute of Virology, National Reference Center for Papilloma- and Polyomaviruses, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Jens Peter KlussmannDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
University of Cologne · DEBarts Health NHS Trust · GBInnsbruck Medical University · ATCRUK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence · GBHELIOS St. Elisabeth Klinik Oberhausen · DEJustus-Liebig-Universität Gießen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) types 16 and 18 contribute to more than 73% cases of all HPV-related cancers and commonly affect the anogenital and head and neck region, with rapidly rising incidence rates of HPV-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCC). HPV vaccination has the potential to decrease the burden of HPV-related disease, but vaccination rates remain low in many countries. We investigated the level of awareness of HPV, and HPV-OPSCC in particular, in a representative sample of the German population. MATERIALS AND

methodsAs part of an online, population-based survey, an electronic questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of 1,095 adult individuals with a specific emphasis on awareness of HPV, transmission, and indicator symptoms of oropharyngeal cancer. Statistical analysis of levels of awareness and relation of these to age, gender, and socioeconomic background were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0.

results699/1,095 (63.8%) subjects had never heard of HPV. Of the subjects with awareness for HPV, 210 knew that HPV could be transmitted during sex (58.3%) and 138 recognized HPV as a risk factor for OPSCC (14.2%), unrelated to gender (p = 0.357), educational status (p = 0.581), or family status (p = 0.719). 416 subjects knew that a preventive vaccine against HPV existed (44.9%). Women were significantly more aware of HPV (34.2% vs. 22.8%, p < 0.001) and the vaccination (56.4% vs. 32.7%, p < 0.001) as were men. Younger individuals (age group 25-34) were significantly more aware of HPV (p < 0.001), likely as they were offered and/or had received the HPV vaccination. There was no regional variation of HPV awareness within the German state (p = 0.051).

conclusionHere we demonstrate a significant lack of awareness of HPV and HPV vaccination in a representative sample of the German population. Levels of awareness of the link of HPV and oropharyngeal cancer are particularly low, bearing in mind that this cancer is commonly affecting men and incidence rates are rapidly rising in many European countries and the USA. Awareness programs and further education are required to tackle the low awareness rates and increase the uptake of the vaccination program not only in Germany, but also worldwide.

Indexed as

AlphapapillomavirusCarcinoma, Squamous CellHead and Neck NeoplasmsOropharyngeal NeoplasmsPapillomavirus InfectionsPapillomavirus VaccinesAdultFemaleGermanyHumansMalePapillomaviridaeSquamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and NeckVaccinationPapillomavirus VaccinesAwareness ratesEuropeGermanyHuman papillomavirusOPCOropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Identifiers

PMID35850111
PMCPMC9677834
OpenAlexW4285803217

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.