SynthesisBJS open2022
The impact of virtual reality simulation training on operative performance in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Synthesis in BJS open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Acceptance and use of extended reality in surgical training: an umbrella review.Systematic reviews · 2024Pooled it
- Virtual reality training on lumbar puncture quality (VIRTUAL): a randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2026Trial
- Effect of a structured virtual reality simulation curriculum on laparoscopic performance in a porcine cholecystectomy model: a prospective comparative study.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Development and validation of a Novel 3D-printed mold-based silicone model for laparoscopic duodenal stump reinforcement suture simulation training.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Real-Time Haptic-Based Soft Body Suturing in Virtual Open Surgery Simulations.Computers & graphics · 2026Article
- Knowledge Acquisition, Self-Assessed Competence, and Simulator-Based Performance in a Structured Laparoscopic VR Curriculum for Obstetrics and Gynecology Residents: A Single-Center Observational Study.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Article
- Integrating Artificial Intelligence with Gamification in Medical Education: A Pedagogically Grounded Framework and Critical Review.Advances in medical education and practice · 2026Review
- Development and external validation of a mixed-reality aneurysm clipping simulator.Neurosurgical review · 2025Article
- Global trends and hotspots in the learning curves of robotic-assisted surgery: a bibliometric and visualization analysis.Journal of robotic surgery · 2025Review
- Laparoscopic training should be equitable for all: the impact of a mandatory, cost-neutral simulation training programme incorporating a free take-home box trainer.Facts, views & vision in ObGyn · 2024Article
- The impact of surgical simulation and training technologies on general surgery education.BMC medical education · 2024Review
- Safe surgical training: evaluation of a national functional endoscopic sinus surgery model simulation course using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Tracking and evaluating motion skills in laparoscopy with inertial sensors.Surgical endoscopy · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSimulation training can improve the learning curve of surgical trainees. This research aimed to systematically review randomized clinical trials (RCT) evaluating the performance of junior surgical trainees following virtual reality training (VRT) and other training methods in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
methodsMEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid SP), Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS were searched for trials randomizing participants to VRT or no additional training (NAT) or simulation training (ST). Outcomes of interest were the reported performance using global rating scores (GRS), the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) and Global Operative Assessment of Laparoscopic Skills (GOALS), error counts and time to completion of task during laparoscopic cholecystectomy on either porcine models or humans. Study quality was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. PROSPERO ID: CRD42020208499.
resultsA total of 351 titles/abstracts were screened and 96 full texts were reviewed. Eighteen RCT were included and 15 manuscripts had data available for meta-analysis. Thirteen studies compared VRT and NAT, and 4 studies compared VRT and ST. One study compared VRT with NAT and ST and reported GRS only. Meta-analysis showed OSATS score (mean difference (MD) 6.22, 95%CI 3.81 to 8.36, P < 0.001) and time to completion of task (MD -8.35 min, 95%CI 13.10 to 3.60, P = <0.001) significantly improved after VRT compared with NAT. No significant difference was found in GOALS score. No significant differences were found between VRT and ST groups. Intraoperative errors were reported as reduced in VRT groups compared with NAT but were not suitable for meta-analysis.
conclusionMeta-analysis suggests that performance measured by OSATS and time to completion of task is improved with VRT compared with NAT for junior trainee in laparoscopic cholecystectomy. However, conclusions are limited by methodological heterogeneity and more research is needed to quantify the potential benefit to surgical training.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.