Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35848994›Full record

ArticleDrug delivery2022

Enhanced transdermal insulin basal release from silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels via iontophoresis.

Phimchanok Sakunpongpitiporn, Witthawat Naeowong, Anuvat Sirivat

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Drug delivery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Phimchanok SakunpongpitipornThe Conductive and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Witthawat NaeowongDivision of Perioperative and Ambulatory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Anuvat SirivatThe Conductive and Electroactive Polymers Research Unit, The Petroleum and Petrochemical College, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-4798-9325
Chulalongkorn University · TH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Insulin is the peptide hormone used to treat the diabetes patient. The hormone is normally taken by injection. The transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) is an alternative route. The silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels were fabricated via solution casting as the insulin matrix. The release and release-permeation experiments of the insulin loaded SF hydrogels were carried out using a modified Franz-diffusion cell at 37 °C for 36 h, under the effects of SF concentrations, pH, and electric field. The release-permeation mechanism through the pig skin was from the Case-II transport with the constant release rate. The diffusion coefficient (D) increased with decreasing SF concentration due to a larger mesh size, and with increasing electric field due to the electroreplusive forces between the insulin and the SF hydrogels against the negatively-charged electrode, and the induced SF hydrogel expansion. The rate and amount of insulin release-permeation became relatively lower as it required a longer time to generate aqueous pathways through the pig skin. The present SF hydrogels are demonstrated here deliver insulin with the required constant release rate, and the suitable amount within a prescribed duration.

Indexed as

FibroinsAdministration, CutaneousAnimalsHydrogelsInsulinIontophoresisSwineFibroinsHydrogelsInsulindiabetesinsuliniontophoresis controlled releaseSilk fibrointransdermal drug delivery

Identifiers

PMID35848994
PMCPMC9848418
OpenAlexW4285727029

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.