ArticleHeliyon2022
Opioid prescription patterns among adults with cerebral palsy and spina bifida.
Article in Heliyon, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Medication and Therapy Profiles for Pain and Symptom Management Among Adults With Cerebral Palsy.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2025Article
- Population- and individual-level trajectories of opioid prescription patterns among adults with cerebral palsy: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of clinical pharmacy · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pain is the most common symptom of cerebral palsy and spina bifida (CP/SB). The objective of this study was to compare the opioid prescription patterns for differing pain types and overlapping pain among adults living with and without CP/SB. Methods: Privately-insured beneficiaries were included if they had CP/SB (n = 22,647). Adults without CP/SB were also included as controls (n = 931,528). Oral morphine equivalents (OMEs) were calculated. A multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between CP/SB and OMEs, across the three pain categories: (1) no pain, (2) isolated pain, and (3) pain multimorbidity. Results: Adults living with CP/SB had a higher OME prescription pattern per year than adults without CP or SB (8,981.0 ± 5,183.0 vs. 4,549.1 ± 2,988.0), and for no pain (4,010.8 ± 828.1 vs. 1,623.53 ± 47.5), isolated pain (7,179.9 ± 378.8 vs. 3,531.0 ± 131.0), and pain multimorbidity (15,752.4 ± 1,395.5 vs. 8,492.9 ± 398.0) (all p < 0.001), and differences were to a clinically meaningful extent. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) for prescribed OMEs were higher for adults with CP/SB vs. control and (1) no pain (OR: 1.51; 95%CI: 1.46, 1.56), (2) isolated pain (OR: 1.48; 95%CI: 1.44, 1.52), and (3) pain multimorbidity (OR: 1.79; 95%CI: 1.72, 1.86). Conclusions: Adults with CP/SB obtain significantly higher prescription of OMEs than adults without CP/SB.
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Registered trials
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