ArticlePeerJ2022
Characterization of human tear proteome reveals differentially abundance proteins in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.
Article in PeerJ, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-Omics Approaches to Discover Biomarkers of Thyroid Eye Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of biological sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Canine Tear Proteomics: A New Frontier in Veterinary Ophthalmology.Veterinary ophthalmology · 2026Review
- High-Throughput Tear Proteomics Reveals Multi-Faceted Signatures of Thyroid Eye Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Screening of pathologically significant diagnostic biomarkers in tears of thyroid eye disease based on bioinformatic analysis and machine learning.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a common orbital inflammatory disease, but the abnormal expression of proteins in tears of TAO patients has not been systematically studied. The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the total tear protein profile of TAO patients and to provide protein cues for TAO pathogenesis. Methods: Tear samples were isolated from 30 TAO patients with obvious ocular surface damage and 30 healthy control subjects. Tear samples from 30 individuals were mixed and divided into three sample pools. Easy nano-scale LC-MS/MS based on labeling-free quantitative technology was utilized to profile tear proteome. Results: Here, electrospray ionization mass spectra and SDS-PAGE results confirmed the good parallelisms among samples. A total of 313 proteins were obtained from six tear pools, among them, 103 differential abundance proteins (DAPs) were identified, including 99 up-regulated DAPs (including APOA1, HV103, IGH, and Transferrin variant) and four down-regulated DAPs (including FABA, VCC1, NUCB2, and E-cadherin) in the TAO group compared with the control group. GO analysis showed that up-regulated DAPs were mainly enriched in lipid metabolism and platelet molecular function, and down-regulated DAPs were involved in binding, cell junction, and cellular process. KEGG results indicated that DAPs were involved in 117 kinds of signal transduction pathways, among which the immune-related pathway of complement and coagulation cascades had the greatest relevance. Conclusion: In conclusion, label-free LC-MS/MS is an effective strategy for profiling tear proteins component. Our study provides proteins and pathways altered in TAO and provides protein cues for further study on the precise mechanism of TAO pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.