ArticleOncoimmunology2021
Engineering of a trispecific tumor-targeted immunotherapy incorporating 4-1BB co-stimulation and PD-L1 blockade.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Igniting cold tumors: reprogramming the tumor immune microenvironment with dual-payload ADCs in combination with PD-L1&4-1BB bispecific antibodies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Article
- Oncolytic adenoviruses encoding bispecific T cell engagers or a novel trispecific T cell engager for dual-targeting of c-MET and EGFR.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Binding and transport functions of human serum albumin and its clinical implications in liver disease: a narrative review.Translational gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- CD137L promotes immune surveillance in melanoma via HLTF regulation.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Fragment-Based Immune Cell Engager Antibodies in Treatment of Cancer, Infectious and Autoimmune Diseases: Lessons and Insights from Clinical and Translational Studies.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- T-Cell Engager Therapy in Prostate Cancer: Molecular Insights into a New Frontier in Immunotherapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Bispecific immunotherapy based on antibodies, T-cell receptors, and aptamers: mechanisms of action, adverse effects, and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- ATG-101 Is a Tetravalent PD-L1×4-1BB Bispecific Antibody That Stimulates Antitumor Immunity through PD-L1 Blockade and PD-L1-Directed 4-1BB Activation.Cancer research · 2024Article
- Characterization of a Trispecific PD-L1 Blocking Antibody That Exhibits EGFR-Conditional 4-1BB Agonist Activity.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- The present and future of bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2024Review
- Effective cancer immunotherapy combining mRNA-encoded bispecific antibodies that induce polyclonal T cell engagement and PD-L1-dependent 4-1BB costimulation.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Combining mathematical modeling,Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- An Fc-muted bispecific antibody targeting PD-L1 and 4-1BB induces antitumor immune activity in colorectal cancer without systemic toxicity.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2023Article
- When three is not a crowd: trispecific antibodies for enhanced cancer immunotherapy.Theranostics · 2023Review
- An engineered T-cell engager with selectivity for high mesothelin-expressing cells and activity in the presence of soluble mesothelin.Oncoimmunology · 2023Article
- Tumor targeted 4-1BB agonist antibody-albumin fusions with high affinity to FcRn induce anti-tumor immunity without toxicity.iScience · 2022Article
- The PD-L1/4-1BB Bispecific Antibody-Anticalin Fusion Protein PRS-344/S095012 Elicits Strong T-Cell Stimulation in a Tumor-Localized Manner.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2022Article
- 4-1BB: A promising target for cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
24 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Co-stimulatory 4-1BB receptors on tumor-infiltrating T cells are a compelling target for overcoming resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors, but initial clinical studies of 4-1BB agonist mAbs were accompanied by liver toxicity. We sought to engineer a tri-specific antibody-based molecule that stimulates intratumoral 4-1BB and blocks PD-L1/PD-1 signaling without systemic toxicity and with clinically favorable pharmacokinetics. Recombinant fusion proteins were constructed using scMATCH3 technology and humanized antibody single-chain variable fragments against PD-L1, 4-1BB, and human serum albumin. Paratope affinities were optimized using single amino acid substitutions, leading to design of the drug candidate NM21-1480. Multiple
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.