ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
TNF-α Inhibitors and Other Biologic Agents for the Treatment of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Myocarditis.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disproportionality analysis of drug-induced myocarditis: Insights from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Article
- Preliminary exploration of the role of CD8Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibition and heart injury: molecular mechanisms and clinical challenges.ESC heart failure · 2026Review
- Curcumol alleviates cardiac and cerebral injury caused by encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in Kunming mice via suppressing NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Advancing precision cardio-oncology: multimodal surveillance and stratified management of immunotherapy-induced cardiovascular toxicity.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Immunotherapy-induced sialadenitis: sjögren's syndrome or a new sialadenitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors: From friend to foe.Toxicology reports · 2025Article
- Update on preclinical models of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction: Challenges and perspectives. A scientific statement of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC, the ESC Council of Cardio-Oncology, and the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart.European journal of heart failure · 2025Review
- Unravelling the Acute, Chronic and Steroid-Refractory Management of High-Grade Neurological Immune-Related Adverse Events: A Call to Action.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Innate and adaptive immunity in acute myocarditis.International journal of cardiology · 2024Review
- Inhibition of IL-25/IL-17RA improves immune-related adverse events of checkpoint inhibitors and reveals antitumor activity.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Perimyocarditis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Review
- Tolerated Re-Challenge of Immunotherapy in a Patient with ICI Associated Myocarditis: A Case Report and Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Immunological mechanisms underlying clinical phenotypes and noninvasive diagnosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced kidney disease.Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Comparison of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Myocarditis and Viral Myocarditis Pathology.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Immune-related adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors: a review.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Cardiotoxicity Induced by Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: What a Cardio-Oncology Team Should Know and Do.Cancers · 2022Review
- Overcoming the cardiac toxicities of cancer therapy immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Review
- Case Report: Treatment for steroid-refractory immune-related myocarditis with tofacitinib.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
With anti-PD-1 antibodies serving as a representative drug, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become the main drugs used to treat many advanced malignant tumors. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which might involve multiple organ disorders, should not be ignored. ICI-induced myocarditis is an uncommon but life-threatening irAE. Glucocorticoids are the first choice of treatment for patients with ICI-induced myocarditis, but high proportions of steroid-refractory and steroid-resistant cases persist. According to present guidelines, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors are recommended for patients who fail to respond to steroid therapy and suffer from severe cardiac toxicity, although evidence-based studies are lacking. On the other hand, TNF-α inhibitors are contraindicated in patients with moderate-to-severe heart failure. This review summarizes real-world data from TNF-α inhibitors and other biologic agents for ICI-induced myocarditis to provide more evidence of the efficacy and safety of TNF-α inhibitors and other biologic agents.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.